Analisis Penghematan Energi Listrik Pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dokter Soedarso Pontianak Ditinjau Dari Desain Instalasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v8i1.16192Abstract
Abstract"“ Beban listrik terpasang pada RSUD dr. Soe-darso sebesar 1.043,8 kVA, dengan komposisi; beban penerangan 5%, AC 56%, peralatan medik 16%, pompa-pompa 15%, peralatan laundry 2%, komputer 3% dan beban lain-lain 3%. Beban puncak terjadi pada pagi hingga siang hari rata-rata sebesar 560 kVA, atau berdasarkan beban terpasang diperoleh faktor kebutuhan sebesar 54%.Penggunaan energi listrik pada beban normal berkisar antara 75% dari beban puncak.
Pertumbuhan beban dari tahun ketahun semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya unit-unit pelayanan, peralatan medik, dan peralatan penunjang lainnya.Berdasarkan analisa, pertumbuhan beban diperkirakan antara 5% - 10% per tahun.Berdasarkan analisa peluang penghematan dapat mencapai antara 20% hingga 25% per tahun. Peluang penghematan energi yang terbesar adalah penggantian AC konven-sional dengan AC inverter, karena penggunaan AC mencapai 56% dari total beban terpasang dan peng-gantian lampu CFL atau Neon dengan Lampu LED.
Jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik di dalam lingkungan RSUD dr. Soedarso terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu jaringan dengan kabel tanah dan kabel udara. Jaringan kabel tanah menggunakan jenis NYFGBY yang menghubungkan gardu distribusi dengan gedung-gedung pelayanan, tertanam di dalam tanah tanpa dilengkapi dengan patok tanda pengaman. Distribusi jaringan listrik pada gedung-gedung pelayanan secara umum menggunakan sistem radial, penambahan beban yang terjadi seiring tidak mempertimbangkan kemampuan hantar arus kabel dan koordinasi pengaman listrik yang ada.Untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya bahaya kebakaran akibat beban lebih, jaringan kabel distribusi dan pengaman listrik perlu dilakukan desain instalasi ulang.
Keywords"“ beban listrik, penghematan energi listrik, desain instalasi.
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