Realisasi Saklar Lampu Otomatis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v8i2.18852Abstract
Abstract"“ Pada saat ini pengendalian on/off berbagai piranti listrik kebanyakan masih dikendalikan secara manual, yaitu dengan menggunakan saklar. Perkembangan gaya hidup dan dinamika sosial saat ini menunjukkan semakin pentingnya kepraktisan dan efisiensi khususnya bidang energi listrik.
Orang yang masuk ruangan gelap tentunya akan menyalakan lampu untuk melakukan aktivitas. Namun apabila orang tersebut akan keluar ruangan, belum tentu orang tersebut memadamkan lampu-lampu yang menyala, terutama lampu-lampu pada fasilitas umum seperti pada ruang Toilet, kantor maupun kelas. Hal ini terjadi dikarenakan tidak adanya rasa memiliki, malas atupun lupa untuk memadamkan lampu tersebut. Apabila hal tersebut diatas sering terjadi dalam waktu yang lama, maka akan terjadi pemborosan penggunaan energi listrik
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai sistem hidup-mati beban listrik khusunya lampu penerangan secara otomatis berdasarkan panas tubuh manusia. Sistem yang berbentuk saklar on/off ini dibangun dengan menggunakan IC 555 sebagai pewaktu penyalaan lampu, dilengkapai dengan sensor Pasif Infra Red (PIR) yang dapat mendeteksi adanya gerakan manusia disekitar sensor. Selain itu saklar ini juga dilengkapi dengan sensor Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) untuk mendeteksi intensitas cahaya sekittar.
Berdasarkan pengujian rangkaian saklar otomatis diperoleh bahwa rangkaian saklar dapat menghidupkan lampu secara otomatis apabila ada gerakan manusia dan intensitas cahaya ruangan dalam keadaan gelap/redup. Besar arus yang dikonsumsi oleh rangkaian saklar otomatis sebesar 22mA, nilai arus ini sangat kecil jika dibandingkan dengan pemborosan yang terjadi. Rangkaian saklar otomatis dapat mendeteksi adanya gerakan manusia pada jarak sekitar 5 meter dan daerah jangkauan sebesar 50 °.
Keywords"“ IC 555, Pewaktu, saklar, PIR, LDR
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