Techno-Economic Study of a Hybrid Solar-Diesel-BESS Power System in Remote Island, Indonesia: Reducing Energy Costs and Carbon Emissions

Authors

  • Abdullah Umar Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
  • Faiz Husnayain [Scopus ID: 56623195500, IEEE Member] Renewable Energy Integration, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Ade Rahmat PT. PLN (Persero), Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Yusmar Yusmar PT. PLN (Persero), Jakarta, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v17i2.93893

Keywords:

Hybrid Renewable Energy System, Techno-Economics study, Solar PV Energy, Islands Electrification, Cost of energy

Abstract

The primary goal of this study is to conduct a comprehensive study of the viability of deploying a Photovoltaic-Diesel Hybrid system on Kaleroang Island, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The focus of this study is to identify the system configuration that is able to generate the lowest cost of energy and the lowest emissions. Five distinct scenarios are formulated for development. Scenario A encompasses fully diesel generator (DG), scenario B hybrid system DG and photovoltaic (PV), scenario C includes DG integrated with battery storage, scenario D includes DG, PV, and battery configuration, and scenario E includes PV with Battery. A comprehensive techno-economic study was performed to rigorously ascertain which of these system configurations demonstrates the highest competitiveness in terms of cost-effectiveness and operational viability. The results indicate that scenario D, characterized by a net present cost (NPC) of $5,460,903, exhibits a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.264/kWh, the lowest among the other scenarios. This configuration has been demonstrated to reduce fuel usage, thereby decreasing CO2 emissions by 32.9%. Furthermore, to ensure optimal results, it is imperative to calibrate the PV tilt angle within the range of 3Ëš to 6Ëš, with the orientation of the PV facing north.

Author Biographies

Abdullah Umar, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.

Abdullah Umar, based in Indonesia, is currently a Senior Officer at PT PLN (Persero). Abdullah Umar brings experience from previous roles at PT PLN (Persero). Abdullah Umar holds a 2023 - 2025 Magister Teknik (M.T.) in Manajemen Energi & Ketenagalistrikan @ Universitas Indonesia (UI). With a robust skill set that includes Highways, Structural Engineering, Matlab, Sales and more. Abdullah Umar has 1 emails on RocketReach. His research interests include energy management, renewable energy system, and business strategy.

Faiz Husnayain, [Scopus ID: 56623195500, IEEE Member] Renewable Energy Integration, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Dr.. Faiz Husnayain., S.T., MT., M.Sc., Ph.D.

Ade Rahmat, PT. PLN (Persero), Jakarta, Indonesia.

He is currently working as a Manager Independent Power Producer & Excess Power of PT PLN (Persero). Experienced Electric Power Distribution Engineer with a demonstarted history of working in the Power & Utility industry at PT PLN Persero Indonesia, a state electricity company over 18 years. Specialties: Power Distribution Planning,Construction,Operation & Maintenance, Transaction Energy, Power Purchase Agreement IPP & excess Power, Renewable Energy & Commerce.

Yusmar Yusmar, PT. PLN (Persero), Jakarta, Indonesia.

Yusmar is actively involved in national and international energy conferences, with IEEE-indexed publications, and has received multiple awards for innovation in power systems. His expertise includes renewable energy system planning, hybrid system optimization using tools such as HOMER and ETAP, risk management in electricity networks, and energy transition strategies aligned with national goals.

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Published

2025-10-20

Issue

Vol. 17 No.2 October 2025

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Vol. 17 No.2 October 2025

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