EFFECT OF POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE CONCENTRATION AS A CATALYST ON THE YIELD OF COCONUT OIL (Cocos nucifera) TRANSESTERIFICATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/indonesian.v6i3.65513Abstract
Research has been carried out on the effect of potassium hydroxide catalyst concentration on the yield of coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) transesterification and continued to characterize the reaction results. The concentration of potassium hydroxide used was 1, 2, and 3% by weight of coconut oil with ethanol as the reactant. The data processing used was the one-way analysis of variation and its characterization from a physicochemical perspective, followed by the analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCSM) and infrared spectrophotometry. Based on the data processing results, potassium hydroxide concentrations of 1, 2, and 3% did not affect the yield of the transesterification reaction of coconut oil, and the results were 74.5264%, 71.9330%, and 69.0420%. The characterization results show that the physicochemical properties of the reaction products, such as acid number, density, and viscosity, comply with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for biodiesel. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that nine peaks were dominated by ethyl laurate.References
J. Janaun and N. Ellis, “Perspectives on biodiesel as a sustainable fuel,†Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1312–1320, 2010, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.12.011.
K. Narasimharao, A. Lee, and K. Wilson, “Catalysts in production of biodiesel: a review,†J Biobased Mater Bioenergy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 19–30, 2007, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2007.1976.
G. Kumar, D. Kumar, S. Singh, S. Kothari, S. Bhatt, and C. P. Singh, “Continuous low cost transesterification process for the production of coconut biodiesel,†Energies (Basel), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 43–56, 2010, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en3010043.
A. Abbaszaadeh, B. Ghobadian, M. R. Omidkhah, and G. Najafi, “Current biodiesel production technologies: A comparative review,†Energy Convers Manag, vol. 63, pp. 138–148, 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.02.027.
G. Vicente, M. Martınez, and J. Aracil, “Integrated biodiesel production: a comparison of different homogeneous catalysts systems,†Bioresour Technol, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 297–305, 2004, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.08.014.
G. Mendow, N. S. Veizaga, and C. A. Querini, “Ethyl ester production by homogeneous alkaline transesterification: influence of the catalyst,†Bioresour Technol, vol. 102, no. 11, pp. 6385–6391, 2011, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.072.
S. W. Adkins, M. Foale, and Y. M. S. Samosir, “Coconut revival: New possibilities for the’Tree of life’,†2006.
S. Gugule and P. C. Maanari, “Identification Of Major Components Of Ethyl Ester From Coconut Oil Trough Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer,†in Proceedings Of The Global Conference On Education And Science, 2018, pp. 116–119.
S. Gugule, F. Fatimah, C. P. Maanari, and T. E. Tallei, “Data on the use of virgin coconut oil and bioethanol produced from sugar palm sap as raw materials for biodiesel synthesis,†Data Brief, vol. 29, p. 105199, 2020, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105199.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Chaleb Paul Maanari, Sanusi Gugule, Feti Fatimah, Aisyiah Restutiningsih Putri Utami, Mustapa Mustapa, Stefan Marco Rumengan, Miftahul Jannah, Jakub Saddam Akbar, Djois Sugiaty Rintjap
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: 1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. 3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access).