Integrating Artificial Intelligence in ESP Curriculum: A Bilingual Approach to English for Educational Technology

Authors

  • Andi Asrifan Universitas Negeri Makassar
  • Luís Miguel Oliveira de Barros Cardoso Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Portugal
  • K.J. Vargheese Christ College (Autonomous) Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26418/jeltim.v7i1.91274

Keywords:

AI-Enhanced ESP Learning, Bilingual ESP Curriculum, Adaptive Learning and AI, AI in Language Education, ESP for Educational Technology

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration into language education has fundamentally changed English for Specific Purposes (ESP) training delivering adaptive learning, real-time feedback, and automated language assessment (AlTwijri & Alghizzi, 2024; Sumarni et al., 2022). Especially in English for Educational Technology, AI systems can improve technical language competency and comprehension in bilingual ESP education. Though little study on AI's impact on multilingual learning environments, current studies mainly concentrate on monolingual AI-enhanced ESP education. Examining their impact on grammar accuracy, vocabulary learning, reading comprehension, and technical English communication, this paper looks at how well AI-powered tools fit a bilingual ESP program. The results show that student involvement and tailored learning results were much enhanced by artificial intelligence-driven learning analytics. Still, major issues include artificial intelligence bias, translation errors, and over-reliance on automated feedback. This study clarifies curriculum creation, AI tool choice, and pedagogical methodologies, as well as the benefits and constraints of artificial intelligence in bilingual ESP education. The findings imply that artificial intelligence should complement human education, guaranteeing contextually correct, ethical, and pedagogically sound integration rather than replacing human education. Long-term AI efficacy, developments in adaptive learning models, and ethical issues in AI-driven language instruction should all be investigated in next studies. How to cite this paper: Asrifan, A., Cardoso, L. M. O. de B., & Vargheese, K. J. (2025). Artificial intelligence in bilingual ESP: A mixed-methods study on English for educational technology. Journal of English Language Teaching Innovations and Materials, 7(1), 88-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jeltim.v7i1.91274

Author Biographies

Andi Asrifan, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Dr. Andi Asrifan, S.Pd, M.Pd, is an educator and researcher in English Language Education at Universitas Negeri Makassar. His expertise spans EFL methodologies, technology integration, and educational leadership. He is a prolific author and speaker who contributes globally through publications, conferences, and journal reviews, advocating for academic innovation and sustainable development.

Luís Miguel Oliveira de Barros Cardoso, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Portugal

Luís Miguel Oliveira de Barros Cardoso, PhD, is a Portuguese scholar specializing in Language and Communication Sciences, Media Studies, and Pedagogical Innovation. A professor and researcher, he has held leadership roles in higher education, contributed to international projects, and published extensively in literature, film, and education.

K.J. Vargheese, Christ College (Autonomous) Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India

Dr. K.J. Vargheese, an Associate Professor of English at Christ College (Autonomous), India, specializes in ELT through ICT. A researcher, author, and editor, he has presented globally, reviewed for international journals, and served as a PhD adjudicator. His interests include language, literature, technology in education, and NLP.

References

Acuña, B. P., & Durão, R. C. F. (2024). Learning English as a second language with artificial intelligence for prospective teachers: a systematic review [Review of Learning English as a second language with artificial intelligence for prospective teachers: a systematic review]. Frontiers in Education, 9. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1490067

Alharbi, W. (2023). AI in the Foreign Language Classroom: A Pedagogical Overview of Automated Writing Assistance Tools. In Education Research International (Vol. 2023, p. 1). Hindawi Publishing Corporation. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4253331

Alnufaie, M. R., & Alzahrani, I. H. (2024). EFL Grammar Learning Strategy Use: Utilizing Grammar Learning Strategy Inventory in an Arabic Context. In Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language--TESL-EJ (Vol. 27, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.55593/ej.27108a6

AlTwijri, L., & Alghizzi, T. M. (2024). Investigating the integration of artificial intelligence in English as foreign language classes for enhancing learners’ affective factors: A systematic review [Review of Investigating the integration of artificial intelligence in English as foreign language classes for enhancing learners’ affective factors: A systematic review]. Heliyon, 10(10). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31053

Bai, B., & Wang, J. (2020). The role of growth mindset, self-efficacy and intrinsic value in self-regulated learning and English language learning achievements. In Language Teaching Research (Vol. 27, Issue 1, p. 207). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820933190

Campino, J. (2024). Unleashing the transformers: NLP models detect AI writing in education. In Journal of Computers in Education. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-024-00325-y

Dou, A. Q., Chan, S. H., & Win, M. T. (2023). Changing visions in ESP development and teaching: Past, present, and future vistas [Review of Changing visions in ESP development and teaching: Past, present, and future vistas]. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140659

Fenyi, D. A., Andoh, J., & Awukuvi, E. M. (2020). E-Language Pedagogy the Go-to? Attitude of the College language tutor towards Technology Integration. In Journal of Education and Practice. https://doi.org/10.7176/jep/11-30-14

Garcíaâ€Martínez, I., Batanero, J. M. F., Cerero, J. F., & León, S. P. (2023). Analysing the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Computational Sciences on Student Performance: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. In Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research (Vol. 12, Issue 1, p. 171). University of Alicante. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2023.1.1240

Grájeda, A., Burgos, J., Olivera, P. C., & Sanjinés, A. (2023). Assessing student-perceived impact of using artificial intelligence tools: Construction of a synthetic index of application in higher education. In Cogent Education (Vol. 11, Issue 1). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2023.2287917

Guan, C., Mou, J., & Jiang, Z. (2020). Artificial intelligence innovation in education: A twenty-year data-driven historical analysis. In International Journal of Innovation Studies (Vol. 4, Issue 4, p. 134). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2020.09.001

Guo, Q., Feng, R., & Hua, Y. (2021). How effectively can EFL students use automated written corrective feedback (AWCF) in research writing? In Computer Assisted Language Learning (Vol. 35, Issue 9, p. 2312). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1879161

Hartina, St., & Syahrir, S. (2021). The Inappropriateness of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) with Learner’s Goals: A Need Analysis on Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Program. In ELSYA Journal of English Language Studies (Vol. 3, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v3i3.6671

Hong, T., Qalati, S., & Merani, S. H. (2020). Impact of Early Reading Skills and Teachers Perceptions in English as a Foreign Language Using ICT: Evidence from Vietnam. In British Journal of Education (Vol. 8, Issue 3, p. 1). https://doi.org/10.37745/bje/vol8.no3.pp1-15.2020

Jackson, E. A. (2025). The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence: A Theoretical Review of its Impact on Teaching and Learning in the Digital Age. https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/280893/1/Evolution%20of%20Artificial%20Intelligence.pdf

Jian, M. J. K. O. (2023). Personalized learning through AI. In Advances in Engineering Innovation (Vol. 5, Issue 1, p. 16). https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-3903/5/2023039

Khoiriyah, K. (2021). Flipping the classroom to enhance EFL students’ listening skill. In Journal on English as a Foreign Language (Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 21). Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palangka Raya. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v11i1.2010

Kim, J., Lee, H.-K., & Cho, Y. H. (2022). Learning design to support student-AI collaboration: perspectives of leading teachers for AI in education. In Education and Information Technologies (Vol. 27, Issue 5, p. 6069). Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10831-6

Laadem, M., & Mallahi, H. (2020). Multimodal Pedagogies in Teaching English for Specific Purposes in Higher Education: Perceptions, Challenges and Strategies. In International Journal on Studies in Education (Vol. 1, Issue 1, p. 33). https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonse.3

Lestari, M., & Wahyudin, A. Y. (2020). LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES OF UNDERGRADUATE EFL STUDENTS. In Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning (Vol. 1, Issue 1, p. 25). https://doi.org/10.33365/jeltl.v1i1.242

Liang, Y. (2023). Balancing: The Effects of AI Tools in Educational Context. In Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences (Vol. 3, Issue 8, p. 7). https://doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v3i8.5531

López, A. A. (2020). Examining How Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners Use Their Linguistic Resources and Language Modes in a Dual Language Mathematics Assessment Task. In Journal of Latinos and Education (Vol. 22, Issue 1, p. 198). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2020.1731693

Lwanga-Lumu, J. C. (2020). Plurilingualism and Intercultural Pedagogy Revisited: Integrating Decolonial Perspectives in Tertiary English Curricula. In Linguistics and Literature Studies (Vol. 8, Issue 6, p. 285). https://doi.org/10.13189/lls.2020.080602

Ma, K., Zhang, Y., & Hui, B.-H. (2024). How Does AI Affect College? The Impact of AI Usage in College Teaching on Students’ Innovative Behavior and Well-Being. In Behavioral Sciences (Vol. 14, Issue 12, p. 1223). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14121223

Makeleni, S., Mutongoza, B. H., & Linake, M. A. (2023). Language Education and Artificial Intelligence: An Exploration of Challenges Confronting Academics in Global South Universities. In Journal of Culture and Values in Education (Vol. 6, Issue 2, p. 158). https://doi.org/10.46303/jcve.2023.14

Marzuki, M., Widiati, U., Rusdin, D., Darwin, D., & Indrawati, I. (2023). The impact of AI writing tools on the content and organization of students’ writing: EFL teachers’ perspective. In Cogent Education (Vol. 10, Issue 2). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2023.2236469

Ng, D. T. K., Leung, J. K. L., Su, J., Ng, C. W., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Teachers’ AI digital competencies and twenty-first century skills in the post-pandemic world. In Educational Technology Research and Development (Vol. 71, Issue 1, p. 137). Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10203-6

Ngubane, N., Ntombela, B., & Govender, S. (2020). Tra nslanguaging pedagogy in selected English First Additional Language writing classrooms. In Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies (Vol. 38, Issue 2, p. 142). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.2989/16073614.2020.1771190

Oxford, R. L., Gu, Y., Gunning, P., & Hernández-González, T. (2024). Considerations in Designing and Validating the Diagnostic Inventory for Self-Regulated Language Learning (DISLL): Status of the Process. In Language Teaching Research Quarterly (Vol. 41, p. 4). https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2024.41.02

Roshanaei, M., Olivares, H., & Lopez, R. R. (2023). Harnessing AI to Foster Equity in Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies. In Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications (Vol. 15, Issue 4, p. 123). Scientific Research Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4236/jilsa.2023.154009

Rukiati, E., Wicaksono, J. A., Taufan, G. T., & Suharsono, D. D. (2023). AI on Learning English: Application, Benefit, and Threat. In Journal of Language Communication and Tourism (Vol. 1, Issue 2, p. 32). https://doi.org/10.25047/jlct.v1i2.3967

Rusmiyanto, R., Huriati, N., Fitriani, N., Tyas, N. K., Rofi’i, A., & Sari, M. N. (2023). The Role Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Developing English Language Learner’s Communication Skills. In Journal on Education (Vol. 6, Issue 1, p. 750). Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i1.2990

Shahsavar, Z., Kafipour, R., Kashefianâ€Naeeini, S., Jafari, P., Noordin, N., & Fadlilah, S. T. U. (2023). A cross-cultural study of differential item functioning analysis of beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (BALLI). In Forum for Linguistic Studies (Vol. 5, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.59400/fls.v5i3.1701

Shin, S. J., & King, K. A. (2020). Bilingualism and Polylingualism in Education. In The Encyclopedia of Child and Adolescent Development (p. 1). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119171492.wecad263

Slimi, Z., & Villarejo-Carballido, B. (2023). Navigating the Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: An Analysis of Seven Global AI Ethics Policies. In TEM Journal (p. 590). UIKTEN. https://doi.org/10.18421/tem122-02

Song, B., & Xiong, D. (2023). A comparative study of the effects of social media and language learning apps on learners’ vocabulary performance. In Asia Pacific Education Review. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-023-09871-z

Song, C., & Song, Y. (2023). Enhancing academic writing skills and motivation: assessing the efficacy of ChatGPT in AI-assisted language learning for EFL students. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 14). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1260843

Sumarni, B., Bhatta, D. D., & Kho, S. F.-C. (2022). The Use of Total Physical Response in Teaching Vocabulary Integrated with Meaningful Classroom Interaction. In Journal of Language and Literature Studies (Vol. 2, Issue 1, p. 23). https://doi.org/10.36312/jolls.v2i1.710

Tang, X., Chen, H., Lin, D., & Li, K. (2024). Harnessing LLMs for multi-dimensional writing assessment: Reliability and alignment with human judgments. In Heliyon (Vol. 10, Issue 14). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34262

Wang, N., & Lester, J. C. (2023). K-12 Education in the Age of AI: A Call to Action for K-12 AI Literacy. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education (Vol. 33, Issue 2, p. 228). Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-023-00358-x

Wei, L. (2023). Artificial intelligence in language instruction: impact on English learning achievement, L2 motivation, and self-regulated learning. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 14). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1261955

Yang-xi, H., Zhao, S., & Ng, L. L. (2021). How Technology Tools Impact Writing Performance, Lexical Complexity, and Perceived Self-Regulated Learning Strategies in EFL Academic Writing: A Comparative Study. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 12). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752793

Zhang, Z. (2023). Collaborative Learning in Social Constructivism: Promoting English Learning in a Secondary Classroom in China. In Journal of Education and Educational Research (Vol. 3, Issue 3, p. 1). https://doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v3i3.9509

Zhu, M., & Wang, C. (2024). A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence in Language Education from 2013 to 2023: Current Status and Future Implications [Review of A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence in Language Education from 2013 to 2023: Current Status and Future Implications]. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4684304

Downloads

Published

2025-05-08

Issue

Section

Articles