Dynamics of Religious Social Movements: A Case Study of the Fardu Kifayah Al-Mujahidin Group in Singaraja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/j-psh.v17i1.104573Keywords:
Fardu kifayah, Muslim minorities, Religious organisations, Social movements, Social solidarityAbstract
The Al-Mujahidin Fardu Kifayah Group in Singaraja is a religious social movement that emerged within Bali’s Muslim minority community, specifically in response to the need for group participation in the handling of the deceased. The study’s objective is to comprehend the group’s organizational dynamics, historical background, and function in fostering social cohesion within the Muslim community. The study employed a qualitative case study methodology with purposive and snowball sampling techniques; information was gathered through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis; the Miles and Huberman model was then used for interactive analysis. The findings demonstrated how this group developed from a straightforward study group into an organized organization with articles of association, technical task division, and quick coordination methods via WhatsApp groups and direct communication. In order to sustain service sustainability, the organization also offers training and member regeneration, though consistent participation is still difficult. The group was able to function as a solidarity network that enhanced the cohesiveness of the Muslim community within a multicultural society because of the strong social solidarity that developed through cooperative work during times of death, nondiscriminatory services, and social support for bereaved families. In conclusion, Fardu Kifayah Al-Mujahidin not only functions as a ritual institution but also as a form of religious organisational adaptation that maintains the continuity of social solidarity in a pluralistic environment.References
Ahaddour, C., & Broeckaert, B. (2017). Muslim burial practices and Belgian legislation and regulations: a comparative literature review. Mortality, 22(4), 356–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2016.1263943
Ahmadi, R., & Hefni, W. (2019). Solidaritas Sosial di Era Post-Modern: Sakralitas Komunitas Salawatan Jaljalut Indonesia. Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan, 17(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.31291/jlk.v17i1.648
Amirulloh, I., Anam, M. S., Mujito, Suwito, Saputra, R., Hardyansah, R., & Negara, D. S. (2023). Implementasi Nilai Persatuan dalam Bergotong Royong di Masyarakat Desa Anggaswangi Sukodono Sidoarjo. Economic Xenization Abdi Masyarakat (EXAM), 1(1), 13–20.
Baumann, M. (2026). Becoming a Civil Society Organisation Dynamics of Immigrant Religious Communities in Civil Society and Public Space. Nordic Journal of Religion and Society, 27(2), 113–130. https://doi.org/10.18261/ISSN1890-7008-2014-02-02
Devine, J., Brown, G. K., & Deneulin, S. (2015). Contesting the Boundaries of Religion in Social Mobilization. Journal of South Asian Development, 10(1), 22–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973174115569035
Durkheim, E. (1984). The Division of Labor in Society (A. Giddens, Ed.; W. D. Halls, Tran.). The Macmillan Press Ltd.
Fazrul, M., Bahari, Y., Utami, P. R., Sikwan, A., & Wahyuni, F. S. (2025). Durkheim’s Mechanical Solidarity in Practice: Insights from the Honda Astrea Rider Community in Singkawang. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Dan Humaniora, 16(3), 726–733. https://doi.org/10.26418/j-psh.v16i3.100212
Ferguson, T. W., Stroope, S., Tom, J. C., Andercheck, B., & Martinez, B. C. (2017). Social Sources of Community Solidarity in U.S. Congregations. Sociological Spectrum, 37(4), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732173.2017.1334606
Hardiyana, E., Margi, I. K., & Wirawan, I. G. A. S. (2020). Hubungan Sosial Mahasiswa Perantau dalam Paguyuban Jong Java sebagai Sumber Belajar Sosiologi di SMA (Studi Kasus Paguyuban Jong Java di Undiksha). Journal Pendidikan Sosiologi Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Jurusan Sejarah, Sosiologi Dan Perpustakaan, 2(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jpsu.v2i1.28048
Hasibuan, S., Putra, H. R., & Sinaga, Y. Y. (2022). Atensi Masyarakat Terhadap Aktifitas Penyelenggaraan Jenazah. BIDAYAH : Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 13(2), 219–229. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47498/bidayah.v13i2.900
Jahani, R., & Parayandeh, M. Y. (2024). The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in Social Service Provision. Interdisciplinary Studies in Society, Law, and Politics, 3(3), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.isslp.3.3.3
Jiang, S., Zuo, W., Guo, Z., Caswell, H., & Tuljapurkar, S. (2023). How the demographic transition affects kinship networks: A formal demographic approach. Demographic Research, 48, 899–930. https://doi.org/10.4054/DEMRES.2023.48.32
Johnson, S. K. (2022). Crisis, Solidarity, and Ritual in Religiously Diverse Settings: A Unitarian Universalist Case Study. Religions, 13(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13070614
Lenaini, I. (2021). Teknik Pengambilan Sampel Purposive dan Snowball Sampling. HISTORIS : Jurnal Kajian, Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Sejarah, 6(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.31764/historis.vXiY.4075
McDaniel, E. L. (2019). The Prophetic and the Prosperous: Religious Ideologies and the Maintenance of Group Consciousness. Political Research Quarterly, 72(2), 488–503. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912918796337
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (Third Edition). SAGE Publications.
Noble, H., & Heale, R. (2019). Triangulation in research, with examples. Evidence-Based Nursing, 22(3), 67–68. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebnurs-2019-103145
Nst, A. M. (2020). Pelaksanaan Fardhu Kifayah bagi Jenazah Bayi Keguguran. AHKAM: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 10(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21274/ahkam.2022.10.1.177-202
Nyimbili, F., & Nyimbili, L. (2024). Types of Purposive Sampling Techniques with Their Examples and Application in Qualitative Research Studies. British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 5(1), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0419
Parashchevin, M. (2023). Religion as a factor of systemic social changes: the specifics of current situation. Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, (4), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.15407/sociology2023.04.040
Pinatih, I. G. A. A. D. S. (2025). Religion and Politics in Bali: Balancing Tradition and Power. JWP (Jurnal Wacana Politik), 10(1), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.24198/jwp.v10i1.59366
Rasyid, M. H. A. R., Syahnan, M. S., & Hafsah, H. (2022). Pelaksanaan Fardhu Kifayah Bagi Jenazah yang Terinfeksi Covid-19 di Rumah Sakit Putri Bidadari Kabupaten Langkat (Analisis Fatwa Mui No 18 Tahun 2020 Pada Fikih Wabah). Al-Mashlahah Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Pranata Sosial, 10(01). https://doi.org/10.30868/am.v10i01.2429
Ryan, Louise. (2011). Migrants’ Social Networks and Weak Ties: Accessing Resources and Constructing Relationships Post-Migration. The Sociological Review, 59(4), 707–724. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2011.02030.x
Sadat, A. (2011). Fardhu Kifayah (Sebuah Analisa Pemikiran Hukum Prof. K.H. Ali Yafie). Jurnal Hukum Diktum, 9(2), 132–138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35905/diktum.v9i2.285
Saepudin, U., Ramli, Y., Adawiyah, N. R., & Kamilah, T. (2024). Pengembangan Potensi Kelompok Pemulasaraan Jenazah di Masyarakat Desa Sukagalih. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 8(9).
Saihu, M., Anwar, H., Suhada, Aziz, A., & Balgis, L. F. (2021). Religion as A Cultural System: A Multiculturalism Education Model in Bali Based on Local Tradition. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(1), 4198–4206.
Sakurai, T. (2022). Social processes and social environment during development. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 129, 40–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.016
Sarwono, J. (2018). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif (2nd ed.). Suluh Media.
Setiawan, A. M., Sananta, R. D. A., & Nurlaeli, F. (2023). Religious Tolerance In Indonesia: An Increasingly Large Space. Socio Religia, 4(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24042/sr.v4i1.16935
Shelvyra, N., Bahari, Y., Imanulyaqin, M. N., Ramadhan, I., & Utami, P. R. (2025). Beuma Tradition as a Form of Social Solidarity in the Dayak Kebahan Tribe. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Dan Humaniora, 16(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.26418/j-psh.v16i3.100404
Staggenborg, S. (2022). Institutionalization of Social Movements. In The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements (pp. 1–3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470674871.wbespm113.pub2
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian dan Pengembangan Research dan Development. Alfabeta.
Syahrin, A. A., Setianto, M. J., Nur, I., Sitompul, L. U., Sembiring, S., Muiz, A. F. R., Adistanaya, I. M. B., & Jannah, I. (2026). Penguatan Kesadaran Diri Remaja Putri Melalui Edukasi Reflektif Islami untuk Mengatasi Tantangan Psikososial. Jurnal Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (JP2M), 7(1), 295–312. https://doi.org/10.33474/jp2m.v7i1.24590
Syahrin, A. A., Yasa, I. W. P., Mudana, I. W., & Nur, I. (2025). Qurban as a Socio-Religious Practice: Fostering Muslim Solidarity and Interfaith Harmony in Bali. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 11(2), 264–272. https://doi.org/10.23887/jiis.v11i2.106640
Tilly, C., & Tarrow, S. (2015). Contentious Politics (Second Edition). Oxford University Press.
Walter, T. (2017). Promote, oppose, accommodate or compensate?: Four ways religion can interact with society’s death practices. Bereavement Care, 36(1), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/02682621.2017.1305043
Zagonari, F. (2021). Religious and secular ethics offer complementary strategies to achieve environmental sustainability. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00802-0
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi dan Humaniora
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
