IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA PONTIANAK PASAL 23 AYAT (1) NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2013 TERHADAP PEMENUHAN HAK AKSESIBILITAS FASILITAS UMUM RAMAH DISABILITAS (STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN PONTIANAK BARAT)

Abstract

Abstract The fulfillment of accessibility rights for persons with disabilities is a state obligation as stipulated in Law Number 8 of 2016 and reinforced through Pontianak City Regional Regulation Number 13 of 2013. However, in practice, gaps are still found between the legal provisions and their implementation, especially in public facilities such as shopping centers. This study aims to assess the implementation of Article 23 Paragraph (1) of the regional regulation in three supermarkets in West Pontianak District. The study uses an empirical legal method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through direct observation of accessibility facilities and interviews with supermarket management, Pontianak City Social Service, and individuals with physical disabilities. Secondary data were obtained from literature studies on legislation and related references. The results of the study show that the implementation of Article 23 Paragraph (1) has not been carried out effectively. Among the three The supermarkets studied largely have not provided basic accessibility facilities such as disability toilets, designated parking areas, or ramps that meet standards. The findings also indicated limited government oversight, minimal coordination between agencies, and low awareness among public facility managers about their obligations to provide accessibility. These conditions show a gap between regulation and reality on the ground. Policy implementation has not been optimal due to a lack of resources, weak commitment from implementers, and the absence of evaluation mechanisms and enforcement of sanctions. Local government efforts are also considered insufficient, so the fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities has not been fully realized. Improvements in oversight, socialization, and collaborative actions are needed to create inclusive public facilities. Keyword : Persons with Physical Disabilities; Accessibility Abstrak Pemenuhan hak aksesibilitas penyandang disabilitas merupakan kewajiban negara yang tertuang di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 serta diperkuat melalui Peraturan Daerah Kota Pontianak Nomor 13 Tahun 2013. Namun, di lapangan masih ditemukan kesenjangan antara ketentuan hukum dan implementasinya, khususnya pada fasilitas umum seperti pusat perbelanjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai pengimplementasian Pasal 23 Ayat (1) Peraturan Daerah tersebut pada tiga supermarket di Kecamatan Pontianak Barat. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan melakukan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung terhadap fasilitas aksesibilitas serta wawancara dengan pengelola supermarket, Dinas Sosial Kota Pontianak, dan penyandang disabilitas fisik. Data sekunder diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan dan literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Pasal 23 Ayat (1) belum terlaksana secara efektif. Dari tiga supermarket yang diteliti, sebagian besar belum menyediakan fasilitas dasar aksesibilitas seperti toilet disabilitas, area parkir khusus, ataupun jalur landai yang sesuai standar. Temuan juga menunjukkan keterbatasan pengawasan pemerintah, minimnya koordinasi antarinstansi, serta rendahnya kesadaran pengelola fasilitas umum mengenai kewajiban pemenuhan aksesibilitas. Kondisi tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat kesenjangan antara regulasi dan realita di lapangan. Implementasi kebijakan belum optimal karena kurangnya sumber daya, lemahnya komitmen pelaksana, serta belum adanya mekanisme evaluasi dan penegakan sanksi. Upaya pemerintah daerah juga dinilai belum maksimal, sehingga pemenuhan hak penyandang disabilitas belum sepenuhnya terwujud. Diperlukan peningkatan pengawasan, sosialisasi, serta langkah kolaboratif untuk mewujudkan fasilitas umum yang inklusif. Kata Kunci : Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik; Aksesibilitas