PERAN UNITED NATIONS ENTITY FOR GENDER EQUALITY AND THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN DALAM UPAYA MENGURANGI KASUS FEMICIDE DI INDONESIA

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran yang dilakukan UN Women dalam mengurangi kasus femisida di Indonesia. Fenomena femisida di Indonesia dilatarbelakangi oleh pengaruh budaya patriarki, dilihat dari maraknya kasus femisida yang terjadi, sebagaimana terlihat dari data Komnas Perempuan yang mencatat ratusan kasus setiap tahun, dengan sebagian besar terjadi di ranah domestik yang seharusnya aman bagi perempuan. Fenomena ini telah memperoleh perhatian serius, terbukti dengan diakuinya femisida sebagai pelanggaran hak asasi manusia melalui Vienna Declaration on Femicide 2012 dan keterkaitannya dengan Connvention on the Elimination of All Forns of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), yang telah diratifikasi Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1984. Permasalahan utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana UN Women menjalankan perannya dalam upaya mengurangi kasus femisida di Indonesia melalui kerangka kerja dan kebijakan internasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan eksplanatif, yang menitikberatkan pada analisis bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif (exploratory research). Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, konvensi internasional seperti Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), serta dokumen resmi UN Women seperti RESPECT Framework dan laporan Komnas Perempuan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan argumentatif untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara teori dan praktik dalam upaya pencegahan femisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UN Women berperan signifikan sebagai instrumen, arena, dan aktor independen dalam mengurangi kasus femisida di Indonesia. Sebagai instrumen, UN Women mendukung pemerintah dalam implementasi CEDAW dan program RESPECT Women Framework guna memperkuat kebijakan pencegahan kekerasan berbasis gender. Sebagai arena, UN Women menciptakan ruang kolaborasi melalui kampanye UNiTE to End Violence Against Women yang mempertemukan berbagai aktor lintas sektor dalam menghapus kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Sebagai aktor independen, UN Women melakukan advokasi global melalui kampanye digital seperti #NoExcuse dan #EndFemicide untuk membangun kesadaran publik serta menekan negara agar memperkuat perlindungan hukum terhadap perempuan. Berdasarkan analisis teori feminisme liberal dan teori hak asasi manusia, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa penghapusan femisida merupakan wujud perlindungan terhadap hak hidup dan kesetaraan substantif bagi perempuan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan harmonisasi hukum nasional dengan standar internasional, peningkatan koordinasi antar lembaga, serta pengarusutamaan gender dalam kebijakan publik guna memastikan efektivitas pencegahan femisida di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Indonesia, Femisida, UN Women, Kesetaraan Gender, ABSTRACT This study aims to explain the role played by UN Women in reducing cases of femicide in Indonesia. The phenomenon of femicide in Indonesia is influenced by patriarchal culture, as seen from the prevalence of femicide cases, as evidenced by data from the National Commission on Violence Against Women (Komnas Perempuan) which records hundreds of cases each year, with most occurring in the domestic sphere, which should be safe for women. This phenomenon has received serious attention, as evidenced by the recognition of femicide as a human rights violation through the 2012 Vienna Declaration on Femicide and its link to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), which Indonesia ratified through Law No. 7 of 1984. The main issue of this study is how UN Women carries out its role in efforts to reduce cases of femicide in Indonesia through international frameworks and policies. The research method used is a normative juridical method with a qualitative and explanatory approach, which emphasizes the analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. This research is exploratory research. Data were obtained through a literature review of laws and regulations, international conventions such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and official UN Women documents such as the RESPECT Framework and the National Commission on Violence Against Women (Komnas Perempuan) report. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and argumentatively to explain the relationship between theory and practice in femicide prevention efforts. The research findings show that UN Women plays a significant role as an instrument, arena, and independent actor in reducing femicide cases in Indonesia. As an instrument, UN Women supports the government in implementing CEDAW and the RESPECT Women Framework program to strengthen policies to prevent gender-based violence. As an arena, UN Women creates a collaborative space through the UNiTE to End Violence Against Women campaign, which brings together various cross-sector actors to eliminate violence against women. As an independent actor, UN Women conducts global advocacy through digital campaigns such as #NoExcuse and #EndFemicide to raise public awareness and pressure the state to strengthen legal protection for women. Based on an analysis of liberal feminist theory and human rights theory, this study confirms that eliminating femicide is a form of protection for the right to life and substantive equality for women. This study recommends strengthening the harmonization of national laws with international standards, increasing coordination between institutions, and mainstreaming gender in public policies to ensure the effectiveness of femicide prevention in Indonesia. Keywords: Indonesia, Femicide, UN WOMEN, Gender Equality.