PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP DRIVER AKIBAT TRANSAKSI GRABFOOD FIKTIF DENGAN KLAUSULA CASH ON DELIVERY MELALUI APLIKASI GRABFOOD DI KOTA PONTIANAK

Abstract

ABSTRACT The increasing number of fictitious orders using the cash on delivery (COD) payment method on GrabFood services in Pontianak City has caused losses to driver partners as delivery service providers, both financially and in terms of work comfort and efficiency. This study aims to analyze the legal regulations concerning fictitious GrabFood transactions using the COD payment method and to examine the forms of legal protection provided to driver partners who suffer losses as a result of such transactions. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a descriptive nature, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data consist of primary data obtained through interviews with relevant informants and secondary data collected through library research, which are then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that legal regulations regarding the security of electronic transactions have been stipulated in Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 on the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, particularly Article 23 and Article 24 paragraph (2), which require e-commerce business actors to ensure the security of electronic transactions. However, in practice, PT Grab still faces difficulties in implementing preventive legal protection, particularly in detecting early indications of potential fictitious COD transactions. The legal protection provided to driver partners who experience losses due to fictitious GrabFood transactions is primarily repressive in nature, in the form of reimbursement policies based on established standard operating procedures and restrictions on problematic consumers from conducting further transactions through the GrabFood application. Therefore, it is recommended that PT Grab enhance preventive legal protection by developing an early warning system to detect potentially fictitious transactions and by permanently blocking consumer accounts involved in fictitious transactions. Keywords: Legal Protection, Grabfood Transactions, Cash on delivery Clause.   ABSTRAK Maraknya pemesanan fiktif dengan metode pembayaran cash on delivery (COD) pada layanan GrabFood di Kota Pontianak menimbulkan kerugian bagi mitra driver sebagai pelaku usaha jasa pengantaran, baik secara finansial maupun dari aspek kenyamanan dan efektivitas kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum terhadap transaksi GrabFood fiktif dengan metode pembayaran COD serta bentuk perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada mitra driver yang mengalami kerugian akibat transaksi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Data penelitian terdiri atas data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan narasumber terkait dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum mengenai keamanan transaksi elektronik telah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggaraan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik, khususnya Pasal 23 dan Pasal 24 ayat (2) yang mewajibkan pelaku usaha menjamin keamanan transaksi elektronik. Namun, dalam praktiknya PT Grab masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menerapkan perlindungan hukum preventif berupa deteksi dini terhadap potensi transaksi fiktif COD. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada mitra driver lebih bersifat represif, yaitu melalui kebijakan penggantian dana sesuai standar operasional prosedur serta pembatasan akses transaksi bagi konsumen bermasalah. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar PT Grab meningkatkan perlindungan hukum preventif dengan mengembangkan sistem deteksi dini terhadap transaksi fiktif dan menerapkan sanksi tegas berupa pemblokiran permanen terhadap akun konsumen yang melakukan transaksi fiktif. Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Transaksi Grabfood, Klausula Cash on delivery.