ANALISIS YURIDIS TANGGUNG JAWAB DRIVER TRANSPORTASI OJEK ONLINE BERBASIS APLIKASI DI KOTA PONTIANAK

Abstract

ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi informasi mendorong hadirnya layanan transportasi berbasis aplikasi, seperti ojek Online, yang memudahkan mobilitas masyarakat. Dibalik kemudahan tersebut, muncul persoalan hukum terkait tanggung jawab Driver terhadap Penumpang, khususnya dalam perlindungan hukum akibat kelalaian selama pengangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tanggung jawab hukum Driver Ojek Online berbasis aplikasi dalam perlindungan Penumpang di kota Pontianak serta mengidentifikasi aspek hukum yang mempengaruhi hubungan antara Driver dan Penumpang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan lapangan melalui wawancara terhadap Driver ojek Online mitra aplikasi Maxim dikota Pontianak. Data di analisis secara kualitatif dengan mengacu pada kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata, Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas Angkutan Jalan, serta Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab Driver terhadap Penumpang pada prinsipnya telah dilaksanakan, terutama dalam aspek pelayanan dan keselamatan perjalanan. Namun, pelaksanaannya belum optimal akibat perbedaan pemahaman hukum Driver, praktik pengunaan akun yang tidak sesuai, serta keterbatasan pemahaman mengenai asuransi dan ganti rugi. Hubungan hukum Driver dan Penumpang di pengaruhi oleh perjanjian elektronik, status kemitraan Driver, dan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa non-litigasi. Oleh karena itu, di perlukan peningkatan perlindungan hukum Penumpang melalui penguatan pemahaman hukum Driver, pengawasan perusahaan aplikasi, dan peran regulatif perusahaan. Kata Kunci: Tanggung Jawab Hukum, Driver Ojek Online, Perlindungan Penumpang, Transportasi Berbasis Aplikasi ABSTRACT The development of information technology has encouraged the emergence of application-based transportation services, such as Online motorcycle taxis, which facilitate public mobility. Behind this convenience, legal issues arise concerning the liability of Drivers toward passengers, particularly in relation to legal protection resulting from negligence during transportation services. This study aims to analyze the legal liability of application-based Online motorcycle taxi Drivers in providing passenger protection in Pontianak City and to identify the legal aspects that influence the legal relationship between Drivers and passengers. This research employs an empirical legal research method with a field approach, conducted through interviews with Online motorcycle taxi Drivers who are partners of the Maxim application in Pontianak City. Data were analyzed qualitatively by referring to the Indonesian Civil Code, Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation, and Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The results indicate that, in principle, Drivers’ liability toward passengers has been implemented, particularly in terms of service quality and travel safety. However, its implementation has not been optimal due to differences in Drivers’ legal understanding, improper use of Driver accounts, and limited awareness regarding insurance coverage and compensation mechanisms. The legal relationship between Drivers and passengers is influenced by electronic agreements, the partnership status of Drivers, and non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms. Therefore, strengthening passenger legal protection requires improving Drivers’ legal awareness, enhancing supervision by application-based transportation companies, and reinforcing the role of company regulation. Keywords: Legal Liability, Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers, Passenger Protection, Application-Based Transportation