EFEK KEKURANGAN ENERGI PROTEIN TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOLOGI DUODENUM TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) GALUR Sprague-Dawley

Abstract

Background Childhood malnutrition is a problem in developing countries, and
pathological changes in digestive organ such as duodenum might play a part in the
progression of the disease. An animal model to study the microscopic features of
duodenum could prove important in evaluating the pathophysiology of the condition.
Methods This research is an experimental using a post-test only with control groups
design. 30 three week-old rats were given access to either an 8 g/100 gBW/day diet
(CONTROL, n=15) or a 4 g/100 gBW/day diet (MALNOURISHED, n=15) for 21
days. Every 7 days, five rats from each group were euthanized and their duodenums
were collected for histological samples. Histological samples were made from crosssections

of duodenums and stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Villous height, crypts
depth and mucosal thickness were recorded from these histological samples. Result
Malnourished rats give lower numbers across all histological parameters compared
to their corresponding counterparts in the control group. Furthermore, the
parameters in malnourished rats that were euthanized after 14 days are lower than
those that were euthanized after 7 days. However, malnourished rats that were
euthanized after 21 days give higher numbers in all parameters than those that were
euthanized after 14 days. Conclusion Duodenal morphologies are compromised
during malnutrition but undergo adaptation mechanism to compensate for the low
intake of protein and calorie. This rat model is relevant for a better understanding of
the pathophysiology of malnutrition.

Keywords: Protein-energy malnutrition, duodenum, villous height, crypts depth,
mucosal thickness