UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI PINANG (Areca catechu L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

Background: Areca nut potential as antibacterial need scientific studies
as consideration for maximal and directional exploration.
Objective: The objective was to confirm the antibacterial activity, to know
the chemical compounds and to determine Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract of Areca nut.
Methods: Ethanolic extract of Areca nut was made from maceration
process by using ethanol 96%. Antibacterial activity assays was performed
using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus in
vitro. Ethanolic extract of Areca nut was diluted in 10 % DMSO to 0,5%;
1%; 1,5%; 2%; 2,5%; 3% concentrations. Chloramphenicol and 10%
DMSO were also used as control solutions.
Result: The result showed that the phytochemical of Areca nut extract
contains phenols, flavonoids, tannin, saponins, triterpenoids, glycosides
and alkaloids. Antibacterial activity was reflected by the diameter of the
zone of inhibition around the disc with the average zone of inhibition
obtained from concentrations 2%; 2,5%; 3% in a row was 7,37 mm; 8,56
mm; 11,22 mm.
Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Areca nut has antibacterial activiy
against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro with minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) was 2%.

Key words:   antibacterial, Areca nut ethanolic extract, Staphylococcus
aureus

1) Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tanjungpura,
Pontianak, West Kalimantan
2) Study Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas
Tanjungpura, Pontianak, West Kalimantan
3) Departement of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas
Tanjungpura , Pontianak, West Kalimantan