UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRSAK (Annona muricata L.)TERHADAP Shigella flexneri SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

Diarrhea remains cause of health problem in developing
countries such as Indonesia because the mortality rate keep increasing.
Diarrhea could be more serious when it becomes bloody diarrhea or also
known as shigellosis. Soursop (Annona muricata L.) has been used by
most of Indonesian people to treat many diseases. The society of Kutai in
Kalimantan choosed soursop leaves to treat diarrhea. Objective: The aim
of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts
of soursop leaves against Shigella flexneri, determined the secondary
metabolite compounds, and determined the minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) of ethanol extracts of soursop leaves to inhibit the
growth of Shigella flexneri. Method: Soursop leaves was extracted by
maceration method using 70% ethanol. Chemical compounds of this
extract were determined by phytochemical screening. Antibacterial activity
test was determined by Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. This study
used various concentration consist of 500 mg/mL, 600 mg/mL, 700
mg/mL, 800 mg/mL, 900 mg/mL, and 1000 mg/mL. Ciprofloxacin 5 µg/disk
was used as positive control while negative control used DMSO 10%.
Result: Based on phytochemical screening, ethanol extracts of soursop
leaves contained alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and
triterpenoids. Ethanol extracts of soursop leaves didn"™t showed
antibacterial activity against the growth of Shigella flexneri. Conclusion:
Ethanol extracts of soursop leaves didn"™t has antibacterial activity against
Shigella flexneri.
Keywords: Antibacterial, Ethanol extracts of soursop leaves, Shigella
flexneri
1)Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University,
Pontianak, West Kalimantan.
2)Departement of Biology Pharmacy, Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty
of Medicine, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan.
3)Departement of Dermatovenerology, Medical School, Faculty of
Medicine, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, West Kalimantan.