Peranan Hukum Adat dalam Pengelolaan Hutan Adat Rasau Sebaju oleh Masyarakat Adat Katab Kebahan Kecamatan Nanga Pinoh Kabupaten Melawi

Abstract

In an effort to manage the forest by indigenous peoples, it is strengthened by customary law that binds the indigenous peoples themselves. Customary forest management by indigenous peoples will support sustainable forest management. This study aims to identify various types of customary law and their role in regulating the management of the traditional forest of Rasau Sebaju and to describe the opinion of the indigenous peoples of Katab Kebahan in Nanga Kebebu Village regarding the application of customary law in the management of the customary forest of Rasau Sebaju. This research was carried out in Nanga Kebebu Village, Nanga Pinoh District, Melawi Regency. This study used a survey method with purposive sampling technique in data collection and was carried out in Nanga Kebebu Village which was dominated by the Katab Kebahan community. Data collection was carried out through field observations, interviews, questionnaires and documentation studies. The results of the identification of customary law contained 13 articles, namely the adat pamali nuba river, tapak posi, forest preservation of Rasau Sebaju, activities to burn fields, mountain arising adat, pamali Rasau Sebaju, kecukuh, tebok, step past custom, pamali grave, mali kobah land, panang jolas, determining the location of farming. The results of interviews with 149 respondents related to community opinions regarding the application of customary law, the average percentage is above 90%, which explains that the community agrees on the importance of customary law in forest management and supports the application of customary law which plays a role in protecting and preserving forests.

Keywords: Customary Law, Customary Forest Management, Katab Kebahan Indigenous People, The Role of Customary Law

Abstrak

Dalam upaya pengelolaan hutan oleh masyarakat adat diperkuat dengan hukum adat yang mengikat masyarakat adat itu sendiri. Pengelolaan hutan berdasar adat istiadat oleh masyarakat adat akan mendukung manajemen hutan yang berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi macam-macam hukum adat dan peranannya dalam mengatur pengelolaan hutan adat Rasau Sebaju dan mendeskripsikan pendapat masyarakat adat Katab Kebahan Desa Nanga Kebebu mengenai penerapan hukum adat dalam pengelolaan hutan adat Rasau Sebaju. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Nanga Kebebu Kecamatan Nanga Pinoh Kabupaten Melawi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik purposive sampling dalam pengumpulan datanya dan dilaksanakan di Desa Nanga Kebebu yang didominasi masyarakat Katab Kebahan. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan melalui pengamatan lapangan, wawancara, kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil identifikasi hukum adat terdapat 13 pasal, yaitu Adat pamali nuba sungai, tapak posi, pelestarian hutan Rasau Sebaju, kegiatan membakar ladang, gunung timbul, pamali Rasau Sebaju, kecukuh, tebok, langkah lalu, pamali kubur, tanah mali kobah, panang jolas dan adat penentuan lokasi berladang. Hasil wawancara 149 responden terkait pendapat masyarakat terkait penerapan hukum adat, rata-rata persentasenya diatas 90%, yang menjelaskan bahwa masyarakat setuju akan pentingnya hukum adat dalam pengelolaan hutan serta mendukung penerapan hukum adat yang berperan dalam menjaga dan melestarikan hutan.

Kata kunci: Hukum Adat, Pengelolaan Hutan Adat, Masyarakat Adat Katab Kebahan, Peran Hukum Adat