Keanekaragaman Jenis Semut (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) Di Kawasan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Pendopo Guber

Abstract

The governor's pavilion forest is an ant habitat. Not much is known about the diversity of ant species in the pavilion forest. This research aims to describe the types of ants and determine the level of ant diversity in the green open space area of the Pontianak City Governor's Hall. This research was carried out in the green open space area of the Pontianak city governor's pavilion. Research activities lasted approximately 3 weeks effectively in the field. The method used is purposive sampling for points, and this method of ant sampling is carried out using direct sampling techniques (hand collecting) and traps, namely pitfall traps, fly sheets (adhesive glue), sampling locations. namely the green open space area of the Pontianak governor's pavilion forest. Observations of types of ants were carried out by walking through the entire forest area of the pavilion, observations of ants on plants or plants around the area were carried out based on the results of observations which could only be seen with the eye. The activity of the ants in the area, whether in colonies or individually, was recorded during the day. The data that has been obtained is then identified for species and processed using the formulation of a diversity index, species richness index, and species evenness index, for each species.
 
Key words: Pendopo Forest, Species Diversity, Ants.
                             

Abstrak
 
Hutan pendopo gubernur merupakan habitat semut. Keanekaragaman jenis     Semut di hutan pendopo belum banyak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan jenis semut dan menentukan tingkat keanekaragaman semut di kawasan rauang terbuka hijau Pendopo Gubernur Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kawasan ruang terbuka hijau pendopo gubernur kota Pontianak. Kegiatan penelitian berlangsung sekitar 3 minggu efektif di lapangan. Metode yang digunakan purposive sampling untuk titik, dan Pengambilan sampel semut metode ini dilakukan dengan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel penangkapan langsung (hand collecting) dan perangkap, yaitu pitfall trap (perangkap jebak/perangkap sumuran), Fly sheet (lem perekat), lokasi pengambilan sampel yaitu kawasan ruang terbuka hijau hutan pendopo gubernur Pontianak. Pengamatan jenis semut dilakukan dengan menyusuri seluruh kawasan hutan pendopo, pengamatan semut pada tumbuhan atau tanaman sekitar kawasan dilakukan berdasarkan hasil observasi yang hanya dapat dilihat dengan indra mata. Semut-semut yang ada disekitar kawasan baik yang berada dalam koloni maupun individu dicatat aktivitasnya pada siang hari. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian diidentifikasi spesiesnya dan diolah dengan mengunakan formulasi indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kekayaan jenis, dan indeks kemerataan jenis, dari masing- masing spesies.
 
Kata kunci: Hutan Pendopo, Keanekaragaman Jenis, Semut.