KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA SEKENDAL AKIBAT PERUBAHAN LAHAN BERHUTAN MENJADI PERKEBUNAN SAWIT

Abstract

The conversion of forested land into oil palm plantations, as seen in agricultural and plantation areas, is driven by various community interests and has significant impacts on the socio-economic conditions of local residents. This study aims to describe and analyze the transformation of forested land into oil palm plantations and its influence on the socio-economic conditions of the community in Sekendal Village, as well as to explain the changes that occurred before and after the establishment of the plantations. The research employs a survey method, with data collected through interviews guided by questionnaires. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling based on the Slovin formula, and the data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings reveal notable changes in social conditions, including education, healthcare, and socio-cultural aspects. In contrast, significant economic developments were observed, such as increased household income, more employment opportunities, and the emergence of new business ventures. These results indicate a substantial shift in the social and economic conditions of the community following the conversion of forested land into oil palm plantations. Keywords: land, utilization, income, education, transformation. Abstrak Perubahan pemanfaatan lahan berhutan adalah mengubah hutan menjadi perkebunan sawit seperti pada areal pertanian dan perkebunan, karena adanya berbagai kepentingan masyarakat dan berdampak bagi kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Tujuan Penelitian untuk menguraikan dan menganalisis perubahan pemanfaatan lahan berhutan menjadi perkebunan sawit terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat Desa Sekendal serta menerangkan perubahan sebelum dan sesudah adanya perkebunan sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey, pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dipandu kuisioner, penentuan responden secara purposive sampling dengan rumus slovin dan analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian terdapat perubahan terhadap kondisi sosial diantaranya pendidikan, kesehatan dan sosial budaya. Sebaliknya terdapat banyak perubahan ekonomi diantaranya meningkatnya pendapatan masyarakat, bertambahnya lapangan pekerjaan dan munculnya peluang usaha baru. Hal ini menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan antara kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah adanya perubahan pemanfaatan lahan berhutan menjadi perkebunan sawit. Kata kunci: Lahan, Pemanfaatan, Pendapatan, Pendidikan, Perubahan.