KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KANTONG SEMAR (NEPENTHES SPP.) DI TAMAN KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI KECAMATAN KAPUAS KABUPATEN SANGGAU

Abstract

Nepenthes belongs to the monogeneric family Nepenthaceae, a family comprising only a single genus. Nepenthes species typically thrive in habitats characterized by high temperatures, low humidity, and acidic soil pH, such as heath forests, peat swamp forests, and tropical rainforests. This study was conducted in the Biodiversity Park of Kapuas Subdistrict, Sanggau Regency, specifically in Block 12. The objective of the research was to assess the species diversity of Nepenthes spp. A survey method was employed using a double-plot sampling technique with plot dimensions of 2 × 2 meters. Plots were placed purposively, based on the presence of Nepenthes individuals. The study identified three Nepenthes species: Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes mirabilis, and Nepenthes rafflesiana Jack. The calculated indices"”diversity index (0.36905), abundance index (0.43732), and dominance index (0.46967)"”indicated low values. The habitat was characterized by air temperatures ranging from 27 °C to 32 °C, humidity of 58%, and soil pH between 4.5 and 6. The Biodiversity Park of Kapuas Subdistrict, Sanggau Regency, is intended to support ecosystem restoration and the conservation of both flora and fauna. Keywords: Biodiversity, Nepenthes, Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati Sanggau. Abstrak Nepenthes termasuk ke dalam famili Nepenthaceae yang monogenerik yaitu famili yang hanya memiliki satu genus. Nepenthes hidup dihabitat yang suhu udara tinggi, kelembaban rendah dan pH tanah asam, seperti hutan kerangas, hutan rawa gambut dan hutan hujan tropis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati Kecamatan Kapuas Kabupaten Sangggau khususnya di blok 12. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data keanekaragaman jenis Nepenthes spp. Metode pengamatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan teknik petak ganda berukuran 2 x 2 m. Peletakan petak pengamatan dilakukan secara purposive sampling atau secara sengaja diletakkan berdasarkan keberadaan kantong semar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tedapat 3 jenis Nepenthes spp. yang ditemukan: Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes mirabillis, dan Nepenthes rafflesiana Jack. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (0,36905), indeks kelimpahan (0,43732), indeks dominansi (0,46967), nilai indeksnya termasuk rendah. Karakteristik habitat suhu udara 27 ºC - 32 ºC, kelembaban 58% dan pH tanah 4,5-6. Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati Kecamatan Kapuas Kabupaten Sanggau tujuannya untuk memulihkan ekosistem dan mendukung konservasi flora dan fauna. Kata Kunci: Nepenthes, Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati Sanggau, Keanekaragaman.