Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Air Tawar Di Sungai Sekayam Desa Bonti Kecamatan Bonti Kabupaten Sanggau

Abstract

The diversity of freshwater fish has an important role in maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems, especially in rivers which are the main habitat for various fish species. The condition of the Sekayam river is that there is secondary forest in the upper reaches of the river, and oil palm plantations in the lower reaches of the river. This research aims to examine the diversity of freshwater fish species in the Sekayam river. Data collection was carried out using survey methods and purposive sampling techniques at four stations, namely secondary forests, community settlements, oil palm plantations and the Penyobang river flow. Data collection was carried out by installing trawls, traps, tajur and cast nets. Environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, and current speed are also measured. The research results showed that there were 12 types of freshwater fish belonging to 10 families with a total of 176 individuals. The Cyprinidae family is the most dominant group of fish, especially the Seluang fish (Rasbora argyrotaenia). The results of this research found that the value of species diversity at station 1 was (H') = 1.71, station 2 (H') = 1.22, station 3 (H') = 1.48, station 4 (H') = 1.60 so it was concluded that the diversity of fish species in the Sekayam River had a low level of species diversity at the four stations. Key words: Fish diversity, Sekayam River, environmental factors. Abstrak Keanekaragaman ikan air tawar memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem perairan, terutama di sungai yang menjadi habitat utama berbagai spesies ikan. Kondisi sungai Sekayam terdapat hutan sekunder pada hulu sungai, dan perkebunan kelapa sawit pada hilir sungai Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman jenis ikan air tawar di sungai Sekayam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan teknik purposive sampling di empat stasiun yaitu pada hutan sekunder, pemukiman masyarakat, perkebunan sawit, dan aliran sungai penyobang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara memasang pukat, bubu, tajur, dan jala tebar. Parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, pH, dan kecepatan arus juga diukur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 12 jenis ikan air tawar yang tergolong dalam 10 famili dengan total 176 individu. Famili Cyprinidae merupakan kelompok ikan yang paling dominan, khususnya Ikan seluang (Rasbora argyrotaenia),. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapati nilai keanekaragaman jenis pada stasiun 1 bernilai (H’) =1,71, stasiun 2 (H’) =1,22, stasiun 3 (H’) =1,48, stasiun 4 (H’) =1,60 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis ikan di Sungai Sekayam memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman jenis yang rendah pada keempat stasiun. Kata kunci: Keanekaragaman ikan, Sungai Sekayam, faktor lingkungan.