Profil Penggunaan Antipsikotik Tipikal Pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Sungai Bangkong Pontianak

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder caused by damage to the brain. Schizophrenia is treated
with antipsychotics. The use of antipsychotics can cause side effects of extrapyramidal syndrome
in schizophrenic patients. This study aims to determine the antipsychotic drugs used and
determine the percentage of patients with extrapyramidal reactions from the use of antipsychotics
in schizophrenics in Bangkong River Region Psychiatric Hospital Pontianak. This type of
research uses observational methods with cross sectional research design that is descriptive. Data
collection was carried out retrospectively from the patient's medical record. The study population
was all inpatients in January-December 2018 who met the inclusion criteria. The number of
study subjects was 61 patients. The results of the study based on the characteristics of
schizophrenia patients showed 60.66% more male patients than women. The highest age group
of patients is in the adult age group of 18-40 years which is equal to 62.30%. The most
extrapyramidal symptoms were found in akathisia 34.42%, dystonia and tardive dyskinesia
18.03%, and parkinsonism 29.52%. The percentage of drugs most commonly used in
schizophrenia patients are typical antipsychotics 50.83% namely Trifluperazin 23.76%,
Haloperidol 15.47, chlorpromazine 11.05%, Flufenazin 0.55% . The conclusion of the study is
that the use of the combination Triheksifenidil still causes Extrapyramidal in patients receiving
typical antipsychotics.