Variasi Harian Komponen H Medan Magnet Bumi Di Wilayah Ekuator Pada Saat Badai Geomagnetik (Studi Kasus: 1 September 2019 dan 20 April 2020)

Authors

  • Tony Guswanto Universitas Tanjungpura
  • Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Universitas Tanjungpura
  • Riza Adriat Universitas Tanjungpura
  • Nata Miharja Balai Pengamatan Antariksa dan Atmosfer

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26418/pf.v10i2.55549

Abstract

Dampak aktivitas tidak beraturan di matahari dapat menimbulkan berbagai fenomena cuaca antariksa, salah satunya badai geomagnetik. Badai geomagnetik yang terjadi di ruang lingkup wilayah ekuator bumi dapat meningkatkan eksistensi arus cincin. Konsekuensinya, sistem arus ionosfer menjadi termodifikasi dan berpotensi mengakibatkan perubahan secara impulsif pada nilai variasi harian komponen H medan magnet bumi yang umumnya ditandai dengan penurunan tajam. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variasi harian komponen H medan magnet bumi di wilayah ekuator pada saat badai geomagnetik, tepatnya tanggal 1 September 2019 maupun 20 April 2020.  Metode  yang digunakan adalah metode variasi harian medan magnet bumi dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif.  Penelitian ini menggunakan data nilai komponen H medan magnet bumi dari Stasiun BPAA Pontianak"“LAPAN beserta  data  aktivitas  geomagnetik,  seperti  indeks  Kp,  Dst,  SYM-H,  katalog  IQD"™s  dan  Top 50  Geomagnetic  Storm.Berdasarkan  hasil analisis komparatif yang diperoleh dengan beragam jenis informasi aktivitas geomagnetik, teridentifikasi bahwa kedua studi kasus merupakan badai berkekuatan kecil (Kpmax=5) hingga sedang (Dstmin>-50). Kedua badai tersebut terjadi ketika fase minimum bintik matahari siklus Ke-24/Ke-25 dan berkaitan dengan CME. Dalam kasus pertama, 1 September 2019, terjadi penurunan tajam pada parameter komponen    dan    sebesar -66,8  nT  dan  -55,6  nT,  sedangkan  dalam  kasus  kedua,  20  April  2020,tercatat  sebesar  -143,5  nT dan -186,7 nT. Masing-masing kasus memiliki tipe badai yang berbeda, yaitu 1 September 2019 tipe SG dan 20 April 2020 tipe SSC.  Penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan pihak surveyor geofisika untuk mengidentifikasi badai geomagnetik dan sebagai langkah awal untuk mitigasi dampak arus GIC akibat badai geomagnetik.

Author Biographies

Tony Guswanto, Universitas Tanjungpura

Program Studi Geofisika

Hasanuddin Hasanuddin, Universitas Tanjungpura

Program Studi Fisika

Riza Adriat, Universitas Tanjungpura

Program Studi Geofisika

Nata Miharja, Balai Pengamatan Antariksa dan Atmosfer

Balai Pengamatan Antariksa dan Atmosfer

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Published

2022-08-31

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)

Section

Articles

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Date: 24-05-2023

Prisma Fisika
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