Implementasi Multibeam Echosounder untuk Pengukuran dan Analisis Data Kedalaman Perairan Teluk Jakarta Berdasarkan Standar International Hydrographic Organization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v12i1.51833Keywords:
Akustik Bawah Air, InstrumentasiAbstract
Sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia adalah perairan laut dengan luas meliputi dua pertiga luas wilayah negara. Survei hidrografi menggunakan multibeam dinilai lebih efektif dan efisien dalam mengeksplorasi laut terutama kondisi dasar laut apabila dibandingkan dengan single beam echosounder. Perairan Teluk Jakarta yang dangkal dengan kegiatan maritim yang padat terutama arus lalu-lintas pelayaran memerlukan pemahaman yang kritis dan spesifik untuk menjaga keselamatan navigasi di laut. Untuk itu diperlukan standar survei dalam pengambilan dan pengolahan data multibeam yaitu aturan standar berdasarkanInternational Hydrographic Organization (IHO) yang memuat kalibrasi patch test, kalibrasi offset statik, koreksi pasang surut, dan koreksi kecepatan rambat suara dalam air dan uji kualitas data. Data multibeam yang diperoleh telah dikalibrasi dan dikoreksi dengan hasil uji kualitas pada orde spesial sebesar 97.47%. Pengukuran multibeam menghasilkan data kedalaman maksimum perairan Teluk Jakarta sebesar 10.92 m, kedalaman minimum sebesar 5.84 m, dan rata-rata kedalaman 8.26 m. Interpretasi morfologi dan topografi dasar laut membentuk alur cekungan seperti parit dengan asumsi hasil pengerukan atau erosi. Analisis data kedalaman menunjukkan terdapat area pendangkalan di sisi barat daya cekungan dengan diperoleh adanya dua titik kedangkalan.References
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