Kontribusi Massa Air Tawar dari Estuari Banyuasin ke Perairan Selat Bangka pada Musim Peralihan II
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v12i1.53035Keywords:
Massa air, Selat Bangka, Estuari, SalinitasAbstract
Perairan Selat Bangka banyak mendapat pasokan air tawar dari sungai-sungai di pesisir timur Provinsi Sumatera Selatan, termasuk estuari Banyuasin. Percampuran air tawar dan air laut menentukan kondisi lingkungan estuaria, khususnya pola salinitas, termasuk pembentukan habitat yang kompleks untuk komunitas tumbuhan dan hewan yang khas di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi besarnya masukan air tawar dari empat muara sungai di estuari Banyuasin ke Perairan Selat Bangka pada bulan Oktober (musim peralihan II). Pengukuran data lapangan dilakukan di 23 lokasi pada bulan Oktober 2018 menggunakan Valeport Midas CTD+ Model 606. Selanjutnya, data salinitas digunakan untuk mengetahui kisaran nilai salinitas, menganalisis nilai anomali, fraksi air tawar dan stabilitas massa air dari masing-masing sungai. Kisaran salinitas massa air di perairan Selat Bangka pada musim peralihan II adalah 2,19 sampai 31,42 psu dengan nilai anomali salinitas sebesar -30,23 sampai -1,00 psu. Masukan massa air tawar dari empat sungai adalah berbeda satu sama lain sehingga terbentuk kontur lidah salinitas di mulut estuari dan nilai salinitas bervariasi secara spasial di Selat Bangka. Fraksi air tawar yang paling dominan berasal dari Sungai Musi dengan kontribusi sebesar 31,2 %, selanjutnya diikuti Sungai Air Saleh (21,9%), Sungai Banyuasin (20,5%) dan Sungai Upang (20,3%).
References
Dyer, K. R. , Sediment processes in estuaries: future research requirements, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 94(C10), pp.14327–14339, 1989.
Nayak, G. N. and D’mello, C. A. N. , Estuarine Mudflat and Mangrove Sedimentary Environments along Central West Coast of India, SF J Environ Earth Sci. 2018; 1 (1), 10132018.
Potter, I. C. , Chuwen, B. M. , Hoeksema, S. D. , and Elliott, M. , The concept of an estuary: a definition that incorporates systems which can become closed to the ocean and hypersaline, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 87(3), pp.497–500, 2010.
Pritchard, D. W. In What is an estuary: physical viewpoint, American Association for the Advancement of Science: 1967.
Wolanski, E. , Andutta, F. , Deleersnijder, E. , Li, Y. , and Thomas, C. J. , The Gulf of Carpentaria heated Torres Strait and the Northern Great Barrier Reef during the 2016 mass coral bleaching event, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 194pp.172–181, 2017.
Alongi, D. M. , Pfitzner, J. , Trott, L. A. , Tirendi, F. , Dixon, P. , and Klumpp, D. W. , Rapid sediment accumulation and microbial mineralization in forests of the mangrove Kandelia candel in the Jiulongjiang Estuary, China, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63(4), pp.605–618, 2005.
Dahuri, R. ,Keanekaragaman hayati laut: aset pembangunan berkelanjutan Indonesia, Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2003.
Hayes, M. A. , Jesse, A. , Tabet, B. , Reef, R. , Keuskamp, J. A. , and Lovelock, C. E. , The contrasting effects of nutrient enrichment on growth, biomass allocation and decomposition of plant tissue in coastal wetlands, Plant and Soil, 416(1–2), pp.193–204, 2017.
Sheldon, J. E. and Alber, M. , The calculation of estuarine turnover times using freshwater fraction and tidal prism models: A critical evaluation, Estuaries and Coasts, 29(1), pp.133–146, 2006.
Regnier, P. and O’kane, J. P. , On the mixing processes in estuaries: the fractional freshwater method revisited, Estuaries, 27(4), pp.571–582, 2004.
Sulardi, A., Nurjaya, I. W., and Hartanto, M. T. In Seasonally volume, heat, salt and freshwater transports within Balikpapan Bay to Makassar Strait, IOP Publishing: 2020.
Fauziyah , Setiawan, A. , Agustriani, F. , Rozirwan , Melki , Nurjuliasti Ningsih, E. , and Ulqodry, T. Z. , Distribution pattern of potential fishing zones in the Bangka Strait waters: An application of the remote sensing technique, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 25(1), pp.257–265, 2022.
DKP , Coastal Zone Area Optimalisation Desain for Development of Brakish-water Pond, SPL-OECF. Directorate General Fisheries, Department of Fisheries and Marine Affair. Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan. Jakarta, 2001.
Surbakti, H. , Purba, M. , and Nurjaya, I. W. , Pemodelan Pola Arus di Perairan Pesisir Banyuasin , Sumatera Selatan, Maspari Journal, 03pp.9–14, 2011.
Gilbert, P. S. , Lee, T. N. , and Podesta, G. P. , Transport of anomalous low-salinity waters from the Mississippi River flood of 1993 to the Straits of Florida, Continental Shelf Research, 16(8), pp.1065–1085, 1996.
Nurjaya, I. W. . Behavior of Low Salinity Water near the Mouth of Tokyo Bay. æ±äº¬æ°´ç”£å¤§å¦. 2001, 2001.
Pond, S. and Pickard, G.L. Introductory dynamical oceanography. Butterwotrh Heinemann. (1983).
Rao, T. V. N. , Spatial distribution of upwelling off the central east coast of India, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 54(2), pp.141–156, 2002.
Griffiths, R. W. , Gravity currents in rotating systems, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 18(1), pp.59–89, 1986.
Sanusi, H. S. , Karakteristik kimiawi dan kesuburan perairan Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu pada musim barat dan timur, Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 11(2), pp.93–100, 2004.
Hormann, V. , Centurioni, L. R. , and Gordon, A. L. , Freshwater export pathways from the Bay of Bengal, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 168pp.104645, 2019.
Loganathan, J. , Narasimha, R. D. , Joseph, I. , Parambil, A. M. , Rachuri, V. , Swarnaprava, B. , and Kalathil, B. K. , Role of riverine inputs, low saline plume advection and mesoscale physical processes in structuring the Chlorophyll a distribution in the western Bay of Bengal during Fall Inter Monsoon, Oceanologia, 63(4), pp.403–419, 2021.
Fong, D. A. and Geyer, W. R. , The alongshore transport of freshwater in a surface-trapped river plume, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 32(3), pp.957–972, 2002.
Lee, J. and Valle-Levinson, A. , Influence of bathymetry on hydrography and circulation at the region between an estuary mouth and the adjacent continental shelf, Continental Shelf Research, 41pp.77–91, 2012.
Gustafsson, B. and Stigebrandt, A. , Dynamics of the freshwater-influenced surface layers in the Skagerrak, Journal of Sea Research, 35(1–3), pp.39–53, 1996.
Affandi, A. K. and Surbakti, H. , Distribusi sedimen dasar di perairan pesisir Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan, Maspari Journal, pp.33–39, 2012.
Surbakti, H. , Pemodelan sebaran sedimen tersuspensi dan pola arus di perairan pesisir Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan [tesis], Bogor: Intitut Pertanian Bogor, 2010.
Surbakti, H. , Karakteristik Pasang Surut dan Pola Arus di Muara Sungai Musi, Sumatera Selatan, Jurnal Penelitian Sains, 15(1), 2012.
Stewart, R. H. ,Introduction to physical oceanography,Texas A & M University College Station, 2008.
Rudels, B. , Arctic Ocean stability: The effects of local cooling, oceanic heat transport, freshwater input, and sea ice melt with special emphasis on the Nansen Basin, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 121(7), pp.4450–4473, 2016.
Haine, T. W. N. , Curry, B. , Gerdes, R. , Hansen, E. , Karcher, M. , Lee, C. , Rudels, B. , Spreen, G. , Steur, L. de , and Stewart, K. D. , Arctic freshwater export: Status, mechanisms, and prospects, Global and Planetary Change, 125pp.13–35, 2015.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
