Kemampuan Degradasi Selulosa oleh Bakteri Selulotik yang Diisolasi dari Tanah Gambut

Abstract

Cellulose is one of organic matters in the peat soil which was difficult to degrade. The degradation can be done enzymatically by cellulotic bacteria. The study was conducted from September 2012 to April 2013. The destination study was to determine genera of cellulotic bacteria which capable degrading the cellulose by the depreciation of crude fiber. The sampling plot was taken of Bansir Darat district in the Southeast Pontianak based on Wollum method. The bacteria were isolated by pour plate method and selected with cellulose hydrolysis method. Identification of bacterial isolates was adapted to Bergey"™s manual. Plate count method was used in the enumeration of bacteria, while the level of cellulose degradation was measured using Datta method. Sugar reduction of each genus was measured by Nelson-Somogyi method. Isolation results were obtained 28 isolates, after selected based on selulotic activity index obtained three best isolates (BS20, BS19 and BS17) of 3.2, 2.2 and 2.2. The identification result of three isolates was belonged to the genus Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Nocardia by each of number density was 64.3 x 10¹²CFU/g, 42 x 10¹²CFU/g and 42.2 x 10¹²CFU/g. Cellulose can be degraded was 50%, 8% and 18%. Sugar reduction was produced respectively at 0.017%, 0.043% and 0.019%.