Rancang Bangun Alat Ekstruder Dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Polypropylene Dan Polyethylene Terephthalate Untuk Menghasilkan Filamen 3D Printing

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest plastic producers and consumers in the world. Difficult to decompose plastic waste has a bad impact on the environment. An extruder is a machine that is used in processing plastic waste The purpose of this research to make a single screw extruder machine that is easy to operate and maintain and easy to move. In this design, an extruder machine design is made with a transmission system using a pulley and a chain where the way the extruder works is by turning on the heater and setting the melting temperature on the type of plastic used, then turning on the electric motor and the rotation is continued using the pulley, gearbox, sprocket and chain to the screw. so that the screw will transfer the plastic material to the nozzle. The plastic used in this study is the plastic material used in the form of shredded PP (polypropylene) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plastic waste. Temperature variation for polypropylene (PP) plastic in the range of 155 °C, 165 °C, 175 °C and 185 °C while the temperature variation for polyethylene terephlate(PET) plastic is in the range of 210 °C, 220 °C, 230 °C and 240 °C . Design result the extruder that has been made, it has produced filament, the screw rotation speed on the extruder is 17.5 RPM with a torque of 203.455 N.m. From the calculation results, the heater power requirement is 175 watts so that the heater used in this study has a capacity of 250 watts. The production capacity that can be produced on the extruder is 0.0679 kg/hour. The best temperature from the experiment using PP plastic occurred at a temperature of 175 ° due to the result of filament diameter produced was more stable and had a clear-grey color, while the experiment using diameter PET diameter stability is quite good at a temperature of 210 °C, while at a temperature of 230 °C is the best melting point.