Rancang Bangun Pemanas Air Tenaga Surya dan Analisa Pengaruh Sudut Kemiringan Kolektor Surya Terhadap Efisiensi Termal Kolektor Surya
Keywords:
renewable energy, solar collector, solar water heaterAbstract
Hot water is one of the human needs for daily needs. Humans usually heat water using fire stoves, oil stoves, LPG stoves and electric heaters. The current condition of oil and gas is decreasing and electricity supply is still inadequate, so technology and other alternatives are needed to meet human needs for hot water. Solar water heater is an alternative tool with renewable energy sourced from solar heat which is used by solar collectors to heat water. The purpose of this research is to make a flat plate type solar water heater and calculate the energy and efficiency of a solar water heater. The method used in this research is to design, manufacture and test a solar water heater. The test was carried out in an open room starting at 10.00 - 15.00 WIB. Tests were carried out by varying the angle of inclination of the solar collector (00, 150 and 300) and with differences in water discharge (1 L/min and 1,5 L/min). From the test results at a water discharge of 1 L/minute, the average amount of energy absorbed by water is 222,66 watts at a collector slope angle of 00, while at 1,5 L/minute water discharge is 215,97 watts at a collector slope angle of 150. The amount of energy absorbed by the solar collector on average at 1L/minute water flow is 990,71 watts at an angle of 00, while for 1,5 L/minute water discharge is 715,33 watts at an angle of 00. The average solar water heater at the highest 1 L/minute water discharge is 23,06% at an angle of 00, while for 1,5 L/minute the highest water discharge is 32,44% at a collector angle of 300. From the research it can be concluded that the most efficient use of solar water heaters is at 1,5 L/minute water flow and collector slope of 300 with an average efficiency of 32,44%. From this research, it is known that there is no influence of the slope of the solar collector on the thermal efficiency of the solar water heater, because the heat efficiency graph does not show a linear or exponential line graph.
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