Rancang Bangun Mesin Pemisah Serat Dan Minyak Buah Kelapa Sawit Dengan Kombinasi Pulley Dan Mata Pisau

Abstract

The oil palm fruit plant is a primary source of high-quality vegetable oil and is a significant type of plantation crop that plays a vital role in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. In Indonesia itself, there are oil palm plantations owned by companies as well as privately-owned plantations owned by local communities. Farmers who independently manage their oil palm land carry out harvesting in two ways: firstly, by using labor, and secondly, individually. Harvesting workers or farmers often do not collect the fresh loose fruits that fall, resulting in these loose fruits not being utilized by farmers and often being discarded in the oil palm plantation area, where they become waste. This study aims to design and construct a machine for separating fiber and oil from oil palm fruit using a combination of pulleys and blade edges. This machine is designed to help address issues in oil palm fruit processing, particularly in utilizing loose fruits that detach from fresh fruit bunches. Initially, the fruit crushing machine only used 5 blade edges and was powered by an internal combustion engine. Therefore, the researcher will design and build a small-scale loose fruit crushing machine by combining 3, 4, 5-inch pulleys and using 5, 6, 7-blade edge configurations powered by a 1 horsepower electric motor. The research results show that the fiber and oil separation machine for oil palm fruit can be successfully designed and constructed. In this research, with the A3.B3 combination, it took 3 minutes to finely crush the loose fruits. This machine is capable of efficiently separating fiber and oil with a high level of efficiency. The use of a combination of pulleys and blade edges in this machine provides more optimal results compared to conventional separation methods.