Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi, Lama Perendaman, Dan Susunan Serat Terhadap Kekuatan Impak Komposit Polyester Berpenguat Serat Buah Bintaro

Abstract

Composite materials are multiphase materials consisting of two main components: the matrix (binding material) and the reinforcing material. In recent developments, natural fibers offer several advantages over synthetic fibers, such as abundant availability, low production costs, simple manufacturing processes, lightweight properties, and environmental friendliness. Bintaro or Cerbera manghas, a tree native to tropical regions, contains fibers in its fruit that can be used as composite reinforcement. The lignocellulose content in bintaro fruit fibers has the potential to be utilized as a raw material for making composite reinforcement fibers. This study analyzes the combination of parameters that yield the highest impact value and identifies the most influential parameter on the impact test results. The parameters used in this research include variations in resin-to-fiber composition (70%:30%), soaking duration in 5% NaOH (1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours), and fiber arrangement (random, aligned, and woven), with specimens fabricated using the vacuum bagging method. Based on the calculations and impact test results analyzed using the ANOVA method, the most influential parameter on the impact value was found to be the resin-to-fiber composition. The study revealed that the optimal combination of parameters was a 50%:50% composition, 1-hour NaOH soaking, and woven fiber arrangement, achieving an impact value of 199,26 KJ/m ². Conversely, the lowest impact value of 179,96 KJ/m ² was observed in specimens with a 70%:30% composition, 1-hour NaOH soaking, and random fiber arrangement.