Green Shells (Perna Viridis L.) Application as A Partial Substitute for Fine Aggregate on Concrete Experiment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/jts.v26i1.98770Keywords:
Green Mussel Shell Powder, Fine Aggregate, Water Absorption, Sustainable Construction Material, Partial Aggregate ReplacementAbstract
The depletion of natural aggregates and the accumulation of shellfish waste necessitate the development of alternative materials for concrete production. This study evaluates the feasibility of using green mussel shell powder (GMSP) as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Unlike earlier studies that primarily focus on limited substitution levels, this research systematically examines a broad range of replacement levels (0–50%) to identify the performance threshold for GMSP incorporation. Concrete mixtures were evaluated for 28-day compressive strength, water absorption, and fresh-state workability. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between GMSP content and compressive strength, with optimal performance at 10% replacement. At this level, a compressive strength of 28.26 MPa was achieved, exceeding the control mixture by 12.8%, attributed to the high CaCO₃ content (77.5%) and associated matrix densification. Higher substitution levels led to a marked reduction in strength due to increased porosity and deterioration of the interfacial transition zone. Although water absorption increased with GMSP content, all values remained within acceptable durability limits. The findings confirm that GMSP from Margaluyu Village is a viable supplementary material, with 10% replacement recommended for optimal structural and sustainability performance.References
Behera, D., Fathima, J., Saady, N. M. C., Zendehboudi, S., Albayati, T. M., Al-Nayili, A., Chatterjee, P., Ponnusami, V., Peach, B., & Espinoza, J. E. R. (2025). Sustainable agriculture through environmental adaptation engineering for waste management. Green Technologies and Sustainability, 100242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2025.100242
Cheng, X., Guo, T., Cheng, Z., Liu, L., Li, C., Luo, M., Li, H., Lv, R., & Cheng, Z. (2025). Synergistic Effects of Composite Modifiers on Mechanical Properties and Freeze-Thaw Durability of Multi-Solid Waste Cement Mortar. Journal of Building Engineering, 113299.
Dewi, S. H., Payendra, D., Harmiyati, H., Ahmadi, H., Mildawati, R., & Alwiyah, S. S. (2025). Effect of Petrified Wood as a Coarse Aggregate Substitute on the Compressive Strength of Concrete. Annales de Chimie-Science des Matériaux (ACSM), 49(3), 299–305.
Ding, J., Xing, Z., Zeng, Z., & Xie, K. (2025). A layer-by-layer optimization strategy to constitute optimal material distribution of 3D spatial shells by stacking deformation-controlled 2D plain layers. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 147, 116225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2025.116225
Firoozi, A. A., Firoozi, A. A., Oyejobi, D. O., Avudaiappan, S., & Flores, E. S. (2024). Emerging trends in sustainable building materials: Technological innovations, enhanced performance, and future directions. Results in Engineering, 24, 103521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103521
Hasan, K., Karim, A., Islam, Md. T., Ali, M. B., Rahman, Md. T., Rahman, Md. M., & Yahaya, F. M. (2023). A review of the mechanical properties and durability of concrete containing recycled seashells as a partial cement replacement. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 25(6), 3192–3216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-023-01795-5
Hisbani, N., Shafiq, N., Shams, M. A., Farhan, S. A., & Zahid, M. (2025). Properties of concrete containing crumb rubber as partial replacement of fine Aggregate—A review. Hybrid Advances, 10, 100481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100481
Kizhakkum Paramban, R., & Varatharajapuram Govindarajulu, K. (2024). Characteristic study of geopolymer fly ash fine aggregate and its influence on partial replacement of M-sand in the strength properties of mortar. Structures, 68, 107141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2024.107141
Liang, H., Liu, H., Bian, X., Wang, Y., & Dong, L. (2024). Supporting zero-waste building: A novel spatial explicit material flow analysis model for construction waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, 456, 142369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142369
Maidin, M. N., Othman, N. H., Sulaiman, N., Sainudin, M. S., Hamid, N. A., & Ayop, S. S. (2024). Effect of green mussel (Perna Veridis) shell powder as partial fine aggregate replacement on the mechanical properties of concrete. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1347(1), 012077. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/1347/1/012077/meta
Murali, G., Thakur, A., Dixit, S., Singh, S., & Stefańska, A. (2025). Biomimicry in construction: Innovations in energy absorption through bio-inspired structural designs. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 45, e01628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01628
Ojha, V., Sharma, A., Ranjan, V. P., Rautela, R., Dhawral, A., & Kumar, S. (2024). Resource recovery from legacy waste dumpsites in India: A path towards sustainable waste management. Chemosphere, 365, 143337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143337
Peng, Z., Xiong, Q., Zhou, X., Gao, X., Zhao, X.-Y., Meng, Z., & Liu, Q. (2025). A porosity-based mechanics model for studying crack evolution from ITZ to mortar matrix in concrete. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 444, 118085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2025.118085
Xue, J., Verstraete, W., Ni, B.-J., Giesy, J. P., Kaur, G., Jiang, D., McBean, E., Li, Z., Shin, H.-M., Xiao, F., Liu, Y., Liu, J., Chibwe, L., Wai Ng, K. T., & Uchida, Y. (2025). Rethink biosolids: Risks and opportunities in the circular economy. Chemical Engineering Journal, 510, 161749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.161749
Zhang, K., Wang, L., Li, Z., & Zhang, Q. (2025). Effects of different fine aggregates as sand replacements on the carbonation properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 468, 140416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140416
Zhu, X., Serati, M., Asche, H., Booy, M., & Van Wijk, I. (2025). Characteristics of shotcrete with crushed waste glass as fine aggregates. Construction and Building Materials, 490, 142216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.142216
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teknik Sipil
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
