PENGARUH PRESEDEN ARSITEKTUR DUNIA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BENTUK FASADE BANGUNAN DI KOTA MAKASSAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v2i2.13834Abstract
Pada era modern sekarang ini, fasade dan bentuk bangunan yang berkembang dan di bangun di kota-kota besar Indonesia adalah kebanyakan fasade dan bentuk bangunan modern dan futuristik. Desainnya mempunyai karakteristik tertentu sesuai gaya Arsitektur Eropa, Amerika dan Jepang. Originalitas fasade bangunan dan bentuk bangunan modern di Indonesia juga mengalami adaptasi mengikuti preseden Arsitektur dunia. Preseden Arsitektur ini menjadi sedikit masalah ketika unsur keamanan, kenyamanan menjadi hilang dan menjadi gangguan dalam struktur perencanaan dan perancangan bangunan di Indonesia. Bagaimana adaptasi karakter fasade pada lingkungan, bentuk preseden arsitektur dan akibatnya kepada keseluruhan desain pasca huni , akan menjadi inti bahasan dalam tulisan ini di dasarkan pada tinjauan filosofi, ilmu pengetahuan, rekayasa teknik dan seni. Membaca dan mengidentifikasi karakteristik dari preseden yang menjadi tema dalam sebuah desain dilakukan dengan membandingkan langsung fasade, bentuk, pola geometri, skala, bidang vertikal dan horizontal yang mempengaruhi pola desain dari arsitek bersangkutan. Hasilnya adalah beberapa bangunan komersial di kota Makassar sangat dipengaruhi oleh preseden arsitektural dari luar, langgam kelokalan hilang, sedangkan bangunan pemerintahan walaupun sedikit dipengaruhi preseden arsitektur dari luar namun masih tetap memasukkan langgam arsitektur lokal dan kultur daerah setempat sebagai identitas kedaerahan
In this modern era, futuristic buildings form and facade, nowdays, can be seen at big towns in Indonesia. The design has certain characteristic in accordance to eropean, american and japanese architecture style. The originality of it"™s facades were changed, adopting the global architectural precedents, and sometimes its turn into problems when adopting process ignoring comfortness, safety, and structure. How is the facade characeristic, the form of precedent, and its impact are the essences of this paper. Discussion constructed based on review of philosophy, science, engineering and art. To read and identify the characteristics of precedent were done by comparing directly the facade, shape, geometry pattern, scale, vertical and horizontal plane that affect the pattern of design. From the result: for some commercial buildings in the Makassar city were strongly influenced by the architectural precedent from the outside, the style of its localities was disappearing. For the government buildings, although is slightly influenced by the architectural precedents from the outside, but its still keeping the local architectural style and culture of the local area as a regional identity.
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