IDENTIFIKASI POLA STRUKTUR RUMAH TINGGAL, STUDI KASUS: ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL MELAYU DI KOTA PONTIANAK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v4i1.20394Abstract
Bangunan "“ bangunan tradisional yang berbeda secara etnis menjadi saksi fisik atas pembangunan pada masa lampau yang berlandaskan adat istiadat sehingga menjadikan bangunan tradisional etnis Melayu di Kelurahan Bansir Laut Kecamatan Pontianak Tenggara memiliki ciri dan pola struktur tersendiri. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan identifikasi pola struktur yang menjadi dasar konstruksi pada bangunan rumah tradisional etnis Melayu ini untuk mendapatkan perkembangan jenis karya arsitektur tanpa arsitek ini. Pengamatan penelitian ini difokuskan pada sebuah bangunan tradisional Melayu di Kelurahan Bansir Laut dengan tujuan melakukan identifikasi pola struktur. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara mendeskripsikan struktur per segmen berdasarkan grid-grid yang ditemukan pada obyek penelitian. Grid tersebut dianalisis dengan pembagian struktur bawah, tengah dan atas. Grid-grid tersebut dihitung dan dianalisis terhadap volume material struktur dan volume ruang strukturnya. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa struktur bawah menopang 7/5 dari total konstruksi struktur bawah dan struktur atas. Dengan komparasi antarastruktur tengah, bawah dan atas maka disimpulkan bahwa volume material pada grid struktur bawah di studi kasus harus lebih besar dari volume material struktur tengah. Penggunaan material struktur bawah yang terlalu besar menyebabkan keborosan struktur jika dibandingan dengan volume ruang yang dinaungi.Hal ini sebagai konsekuensi grid struktur bawah menjadi elemen yang menopang struktur tengah dan atas bangunan rumah tradisional.
Kata-kata kunci: pola struktur, rumah tradisional, komposisi
IDENTIFICATION OF HOUSE STRUCTURAL PATTERN, CASE STUDY: MALAY TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN PONTIANAK CITY
Traditional buildings which different ethnically were physical witnesses of past development, which was based customed so this made the Malays traditional building in the Village of Sea Bansir District of Pontianak Southeast has the characteristics and the pattern of its own structure. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the pattern of the structure as base of the construction on the houses of traditional Malays to get the development of this architecture without architects. This study focused on a traditional Malay building in the Village Bansir Sea with the aim to identify the structural pattern. The analysis was performed by describing the structure per segment based on grids that were found on the object of study. The grid structure was analyzed by divide it into lower, middle and upper structure. Grids were calculated and analyzed in relation to the volume of structural material and volume of space structure. From this study it could be concluded that the structure under construction prop up 7/5 of the total bottom structure and the upper structure. By comparison between lower, middle and upper structure, it was concluded that the volume of material at the bottom of the structure grid in the case study should be greater than the volume of the structural material of the center. The use of massive lower structural materials caused structure dissipation when compared with the volume of shaded space. This was the consequence of lower grid structure element that sustained the structure of the middle and top of traditional houses.
Keywords: Structural pattern, traditional house, composition
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