PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TEPIAN SUNGAI TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN RUANG SIRKULASI DAN RUANG TERBUKA SEBAGAI RESPON MITIGASI BENCANA BERBASIS BENCANA AIR DI SINTANG

Abstract

Sintang merupakan salah satu kota di Kalimantan Barat yang berada di pertemuan dua sungai, yaitu sungai Kapuas dan Sungai Melawi. Kelurahan Kapuas Kiri Hilir, Kelurahan Menyumbung Tengah dan Kelurahan Ulak Jaya merupakan kawasan permukiman padat yang sudah ada sejak lama di Sintang, dekat dengan pusat historis Kota Sintang yaitu Keraton Sintang dan tetap eksis sampai sekarang. Sedangkan kondisi dunia yang sedang mengalami pemanasan global mengakibatkan kawasan-kawasan yang berhubungan langsung dengan air rentan mengalami kenaikan permukaan air sungai (pasang air). Mengingat mahalnya harga nyawa manusia maka diperlukan penelitian pada pemanfaatan ruang sirkulasi dan ruang terbuka untuk mitigasi bencana berbasis bencana air ketiga kelurahan tersebut.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengilustrasikan model mitigasi bencana berbasis bencana air (hydrometeorological disaster), dilihat dari persepsi masyarakat dan pemanfaatan ruang sirkulasi dan ruang terbuka.

Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pola pikir induktif yaitu berpikir berlandaskan pandangan khusus ke umum. Teknik pengumpulan data, pengolahan data, dan analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengukur persepsi masyarakat akan bencana berbasis bencana air. Sedangkan metode kualitatif mendeskripsikan dalam bentuk ilustrasi pemanfaatan ruang terbuka dan sirkulasi.

Hasil penelitian persepsi masyarakat disimpulkan bahwa bencana yang sering terjadi adalah bencana kenaikan permukaan air (banjir/pasang). Masyarakat juga berpendapat walaupun mereka menghadapi kemarau, namun dampaknya tidak terlalu terasa karena mereka sudah mengantisipasi dengan menyediakan tempat penampungan air. Dan berdasarkan kondisi fisik lapangan, model mitigasi bencana berupa jalur sirkulasi berupa titian (papan kayu).

THE PERCEPTION OF RIVERBANK COMMUNITY ON UTILIZATION OF CIRCULATION AND OPEN SPACE AS DISASTER MITIGATION RESPONSE BASED ON WATER DISASTER IN SINTANG

Sintang is one of the cities in West Kalimantan which lies in the confluence of two rivers, i.e. Kapuas River and Melawi River. Kapuas Kiri Hilir Village, Menyumbung Tengah Village and Ulak Jaya Village have been densely populated residential areas in Sintang for a long time, located close to the historical centre of Sintang i.e. Sintang Palace and still exists today. While the condition of the world that is experiencing global warming has resulted in areas that are directly related to water susceptible to rising water levels (tidal water). Given the value of human life, research is needed on the use of the circulation space and open space for disaster mitigation based on water in the three villages.

This study aims to identify and illustrate a model of water disaster-based mitigation (hydrometeorological disaster), seen from the public perception and utilization of circulation and open space.

This research was conducted using an inductive mindset, which is thinking based from specific detail to general truth. Data collection techniques, data processing, and analysis were carried out by comparing quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative was used to measure people's perceptions of disaster based on water-disaster. Whereas qualitative method described the illustration of open space and circulation.

The results of the research on community perceptions concluded that disaster that often occurs is disaster of rising water levels (flood / tide). The community also believes that even though they face droughts, the impact is not too pronounced because they have anticipated it by providing water reservoirs. And based on the physical field condition, the suitable disaster mitigation model is circulation paths in the form of wooden board.