KEBERLANJUTAN TRADISI BERKONSTRUKSI RUMAH TRADISIONAL DI KAMPUNG ADAT NAMATA KABUPATEN SABU RAIJUA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v8i2.46420Keywords:
Kampung Adat Namata, Keberlanjutan, Rumah Tradisonal, Tradisi BerkonstruksiAbstract
Pemahaman berkonstruksi dalam konteks masyarakat adat merupakan suatu proses aktivitas terkait hubungan sosial kelompok masyarakat adat, lingkungannya serta tradisi yang memiliki keseimbangan dikeseluruhan tahap kegiatan berkonstruksi guna membangun atau memperbaiki huniannya. Salah satu kampung adat di Pulau Sabu yaitu Kampung Adat Namata merupakan kampung tradisional dengan masyarakat adat yang masih mempertahankan tradisi membangun dengan memperhatikan aturan-aturan adat dalam pemanfaatan material konstruksi dan menghargai lingkungannya, walaupun dikelilingi desa modern disekitarnya. Meski tradisi pengambilan dan pengangkutan material mulai hilang namun pemahaman tradisi berkonstruksi tiap struktur masih tetap dipertahankan sehingga menjadi menarik untuk dikaji untuk mengetahui setiap prosesi adat, pemahaman, makna serta tujuan tiap proses berkonstruksi sehingga menjadi rumah adat yang menghargai dan adaptif terhadap lingkungan serta menjadi keberlanjutan berkonstruksi dari budaya arsitektur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripstif kualitatif, wawancara dan pengamatan terhadap setiap aktivitas tradisi berkonstruksi hingga menjadi rumah adat. Hasil temuan menunjukkan adanya tindakan menghormati mulai dari tata cara ritual penebangan pohon, keberlanjutan tradisi cara pengambilan bahan bangunan hingga penciptaan bentuk bangunan, adanya kearifan lokalitas dalam penggunaan material, penamaan bagian rumah adat menggunakan unsur bahasa lokal serta pemahaman filosofi dan tata cara ritual tiap bagian konstruksi sebagai upaya masyarakat adat untuk menjaga keberlanjutan tata cara berkonstruksi dan keseimbangan lingkungan.
SUSTAINABILITY OF TRADITIONAL HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN NAMATA TRADITIONAL VILLAGE, SABU RAIJUA REGENCY
Construction understanding in indigenous peoples is a social relations activity among indigenous groups, the environment, and traditions that balance all construction activities to build or repair their dwellings. Namata Traditional Village on Sabu Island is a village with indigenous peoples who still maintain the development process tradition and also customary rules in constructing the materials and respecting the environment, even though modern villages surround it. Although taking and transporting materials tradition begins to disappear, constructing tradition understanding of each structure is still maintained. Thus, it is interesting to study the processing, understanding, meaning, and purposing of each construction process to become a traditional house that respects and is adaptive to the environment and become sustainable construction of architectural culture. This study used qualitative descriptive methods, interviews, and observations of every construction tradition until it became a traditional house. The findings show respect actions are starting from tree felling rituals, construction sustainability of taking building materials until creating building forms, local wisdom in using local materials, the local language in naming parts of the traditional house, and philosophical understanding and ritual procedures from each part of the construction as an effort to maintain the construction sustainability procedures and environmental balance.
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