Tren Sea Surface Temperature Pada Monsun Timur di Perairan Indonesia Berdasarkan Data Reanalisis Copernicus Marine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/lkuntan.v9i1.104191Keywords:
East Monsoon, Copernicus Marine, Indonesian waters, SST TrendAbstract
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is an important oceanographic parameter that is sensitive to seasonal variability and climate change. Indonesian waters experience strong SST dynamics, particularly during the east monsoon (June–August), which are influenced by monsoonal winds and oceanographic processes such as upwelling. This study aims to examine the variability, anomalies, and long-term trends of SST during the east monsoon in Indonesian waters. The study uses SST reanalysis data from the Copernicus Marine Service for the period 2005–2025 with a spatial resolution of 1/12°. The analysis includes the calculation of annual mean east monsoon (JJA) SST, SST anomalies relative to climatological values, and long-term trends using linear regression and the Mann–Kendall test. The results show that east monsoon SST exhibits interannual variability, with values ranging from approximately 28.1 to 29.3 °C. SST anomalies indicate noticeable year-to-year variations. Trend analysis reveals a statistically significant increase in SST during the east monsoon, with a warming rate of about 0.03–0.04 °C per year. These results indicate that ocean warming continues to occur even during the east monsoon period, which is typically associated with surface cooling. The findings provide important insight into changes in sea surface temperature in Indonesian waters and may support further studies on climate change impacts on marine ecosystems and the management of marine resources.References
Anna, I.S.P. 2023. Dinamika dan Emisi Mikroplastik di Teluk Jakarta. Tesis. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Berliani, R., A. Rosenberg, D. Prayoga. 2025. Identifikasi Suhu Permukaan Laut Pada Saat El Niño dan IOD Positif 2023 di Perairan Barat Sumatera. Jurnal Kelautan, 9(1): 45–58.
Choi, Y.W. dan J.B. Ahn. 2019. Possible Mechanisms For The Coupling Between Late Spring Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies Over Tropical Atlantic And East Asian Summer Monsoon. Climate Dynamics, 53(11): 6995–7009.
Deshafa, A.F. 2025. ENSO and IOD Variability: Impacts on Precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature in Bali and NTB. Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia, 1(1): 13–25.
Dewi, Y.W., A. Wirasatriya, D.N Sugianto, M. Helmi, J. Marwoto, L. Maslukah. 2020. Effect of ENSO and IOD on the Variability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in Java Sea. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 530(1): 1-10.
Fikra, H., Y.J. Wijaya, U.J. Wisha. 2025. Studi Variabilitas Upwelling Berdasarkan Data Angin, Suhu Permukaan Laut, Dan Klorofil-A Di Laut Flores. Indonesian Journal of Oceanography, 07(03):265–274.
Ghosh, J., K. Chakraborty, V. Valsala, T. Bhattacharya, P.K. Ghoshal. 2024. A review of the Indian Ocean carbon dynamics, acidity, and productivity in a changing environment. Progress in Oceanography, 221.
Jatisworo, D., D.W. Kusuma, B. Sukresno, Hanintyo, R. 2020. Analisis Spasio-Temporal Variabilitas Suhu Permukaan Laut Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Berdasarkan Data Satelit Modis Aqua: Studi Kasus Di WPP 573 Dan WPP 715. Majalah Ilmiah Globe, 22(2): 101-112.
Ma’rufatin, A., A. Yananto, W.P. Wahyu. 2024. Karakteristik Angin Wilayah Pesisir Utara Pulau Jawa Berdasarkan Variabilitas Monsun Wind Characteristics of the North Coastal Region of Java Island According to Monsoon Variability. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 25(1):20–30.
Maishal, S. 2024. Unraveling the declining Indian ocean primary productivity and key drivers. Discover Oceans, 1(1): 17.
Nababan, B., E. Grace, B. Sihombing, J.P. Panjaitan. 2021. Variabilitas Suhu Permukaan Laut Dan Konsentrasi Klorofil-a Di Samudera Hindia Bagian Timur Laut, Barat Sumatera Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-a Concentration in the Northeast Indian Ocean, West of Sumatra. Jurnal Teknologi Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 12(2): 143–159.
Paramartha, I. G. P. W., I.D. Nyoman, N. Putra, I.W. Gede, A. Karang. 2024. Analisis Perubahan Suhu Permukaan Laut di Wilayah Laut Flores dan Sekitarnya. Journal of Marine Research and Technology, 7(2): 170–176.
Rachman, F., R.I. Adharini, R.Y. Setiawan, I.D. Puspita, E. Triyannanto. 2015. Upwelling di Pantai Selatan Yogyakarta Wind-Driven Coastal Upwelling in the Southern Coast of Yogyakarta. Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 20: 13–17.
Rachman, H.A., Z. Hidayah, A.Y. Yuliardi. 2025. Dinamika Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Konsentrasi Klorofil-a di Perairan Laut Flores Hubungannya dengan Fenomena ENSO dan IOD. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 28(1): 53–62.
Rahadian, L. D., A.M.A Khan, L.P. Dewanti, I.M. Apriliani. 2019. Pada Musim Barat Dan Musim Timur Terhadap Produksi Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di Perairan Selat Bali. Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 10(2): 28–34.
Rahman, M.A., M. Laksimi, M.U Agung, S. Sunarto. 2019. Pengaruh Musim Terhadap Kondisi Oseanografi Dalam Penentuan Daerah Penangkapan Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus Pelamis) Di Perairan Selatan Jawa Barat. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 1(1): 92–102.
Riztiawan, A. A., H. Firdaus, M.K. Saptari, Y.S. Djamil, M.L. Syamsuddin, F. Syamsudin, Q.W. Sari, P. Sarjana. 2025. Karakteristik Gelombang Panas Laut Di Perairan Selatan Jawa Barat. Jurnal Kelautan, 18(3): 218–226.
Rulifiangga, F. dan T. Prastowo. 2021. Analisis Prediksi Debit Aliran Air Laut Melalui Selat Untuk Kasus Di Luar Indonesia Dan Di Indonesia Dengan Bantuan Teori Hidrolik Internal. Inovasi Fisika Indonesia, 10(2):9–16.
Swara, I. G. M. A., I. W.G.A. Karang, G.S. Indrawan. 2021. Analisis Pola Sebaran Area Upwelling di Selatan Indonesia Menggunakan Citra Modis Level 2. Journal of Marine Research and Technology, 4(1):56-71.
Syaifullah, M.D. 2018. Suhu Permukaan Laut Perairan Indonesia dan Hubungannya dengan Pemanasan Global. Jurnal Segara, 11(2): 37–47.
Varela, R., M. de Castro, J.M. Dias, M. Gómez-Gesteira. 2023 Coastal Warming Under Climate Change: Global, Faster And Heterogeneous. Science of the Total Environment, 886: 1-12.
Yuhendrasmiko, R., Kunarso, A. Wirasatriya. 2016. Identifikasi Variabiltas Upwelling Berdasarkan Indikator Suhu Dan Klorofil-a Di Selat Lombok. Jurnal Oseanografi, 5: 530–537.
