EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING AS EDUCATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26418/ijli.v7i1.72857Abstract
Experiential learning (EL) is hands on authentic and practical learning. Learning by doing experiences connects knowledge with skills required within the experience. EL involves steps and over time via critical reflection, refinement and learning empower learners as they enhance individual and collaborative skills. EL is linked to secondary and tertiary education within co-operative education, practicums, clinical placements, internships, work terms, field experience, simulation, and virtual reality. EL supports students as they move towards certain roles in a progressively multifaceted society.
References
Argyris, C. (1974). Behind the front page. Jossey Bass.
Argyris, C., & Schon, D. (1974). Theory in practice: Increasing professional effectiveness. Jossey Bass.
Argyris, C., & Schon, D. (1978). Organisational learning: A theory of action perspective. Addison Wesley.
Anderson, L.W., D.R. Krathwohl, P.W. Airasian, K.A. Cruikshank, R.E. Mayer, P.R. Pintrich, J.Raths., & Wittrock, M.C. (2001). A taxonomy for learning teaching and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. Addison, Wesley Longman.
Ashktorab, T., Hasanvand, S., Seyedfatemi, N., Zayeri, F., Levett-Jones, T., & Pournia, Y. (2015). Psychometric testing of the Persian version of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience. Nurse Education Today, 35(3), 439-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.006
Association for Experiential Education. What is Experiential Education?
https://www.aee.org/what-is-ee
Batista, E. (2007, Oct 21). Experiential learning cycles. https://www.edbatista.com/2007/10/experiential.html
Beck, C., & Kosnik, C. (2000). Associate Teachers in pre-service education: Clarifying and enhancing their role. Journal of Education for Teaching, 26(3), 207-224.
Bolton, G. (2010). Reflective practice: Writing and professional development. Sage.
Burgess, A., & Mellis, C. (2015). Feedback and assessment for clinical placements: Achieving the right balance. Advances in Medical Education and Practice. 6. 373-381. 10.2147/AMEP.S77890.
Busteed, B., & Auter, Z. (2017). Why college should make internships a requirement. https://news.gallup.com/opinion/gallup/222497/why-colleges- internships-requirement.aspx
Christensen, A., Phafoli, S., Butler, J., Nyangu, I., Skolnik, L., & Stender, S. C. (2015). Case Study: Primary Healthcare Clinical Placements during Nursing and Midwifery Education in Lesotho. World health & population, 16(2), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.12927/whp.2016.24493
Colleges and Institutes Canada. (2018, March 26). Colleges and institutes Canada experiential learning and pathways to employment for Canadian youth. https://www.collegesinstitutes.ca/file/colleges-and-institutes-canada-experiential- learning-and-pathways-to-employment-for-canadian-youth/
Connelly, F. M., & Clandinin, D. J. (1988). Teachers as curriculum planners:
Narratives of experience. University of Toronto / OlSE Press.
Cooperative Education and Internship Association. (2015). History.
http://www.ceiainc.org/about/history/
Courtney-Pratt, H., FitzGerald, M., Ford, K., Marsden, K., & Marlow, A. (2012). Quality clinical placements for undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional survey of undergraduates and supervising nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(6), 1380-1390. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05851.x
De Couvreur, L., Dejonghe, W., Detand, J., & Goossens, R. (2013). The role of subjective well-being in co-designing open-design assistive devices. International Journal of Design, 7(3). 58-70.
DeLuca, C., Godden, L., Hutchinson, N. L., & Versnel, J. (2015). Preparing at-risk youth for a
changing world: revisiting a person-in-context model for transition to employment.
Educational Research, 57(2), 182-200. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2015.1030854
Dewey, J. (1929). Experience and nature. Open Court Publishing.
Dewey, J. (1933). How we think. New York: Heath.
Dewey, J. (1934). Art as experience. Berkley.
Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and Education. Collier.
Education Advisory Board. (2016). Promoting timely degree completion: Reconciling student choice and the four-year graduation imperative. https:// eab.com/research/academic-affairs/on-demand-webconference/promoting-timely- degree-completion/
Fook, J. (2002). Social work: Critical theory and practice. Sage.
Gould, C. J. (2023). The Experiences of Clinical Placement Belonging Among Nursing Students with Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Identities: An Interpretive Descriptive Study.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/9385
Grobecker, P. A. (2016). A sense of belonging and perceived stress among baccalaureate nursing students in clinical placements. Nurse Education Today, 36, 178-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.09.015
Gruenewald, D. A. (2008). Place-based education: Grounding culturally responsive teaching in geographic diversity. In D. A. Gruenewald & G. A. Smith (Eds.), Place-based education in the global age (pp. 137–153). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Gruenewald, D. A., & Smith, G. A. (2008). Introduction: Making room for the local. In D. A. Gruenewald & G. A. Smith (Eds.), Place-based education in the global age (pp. xiii– xxiii). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Halton Board of Education. (2023). Cooperative Education. https://www.hdsb.ca/learning-and-resources/Pages/Secondary%20Education%20and%20Pathways/Cooperative-Education.aspx
Higher Education Quality Council of Ontario. (2016). A Practical Guide for Work-integrated Learning. http://www.heqco.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/HEQCO_WIL_Guide_ENG_ACC.pdf
Jackson, D. (2015). Employability skill development in work-integrated learning: Barriers and
best practice. Studies in Higher Education, 40(2), 350-367.
Keeton, M. T., & Tate, P. J. (1978). Learning by experience - what, why, how. Jossey Bass.
Kolb, D. A., Osland, J.S., & Rubin, I.M. (1974). Organizational psychology: A book of readings. Prentice Hall.
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice-Hall.
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2013). The Kolb learning style inventory versions 3.1 & 3.2 2013 technical specifications. https://learningfromexperience.com/downloads/research-
library/klsi-3_1-3_2-technical-specifications.pdf
Kolb, D. A. (2015). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development (2nd ed.). Pearson Education.
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2017). The experiential educator: Principles and practices of experiential learning. Experience Based Learning Systems.
Kuiper, R. A., & Pesut, D. J. (2004). Promoting cognitive and metacognitive reflective reasoning skills in nursing practice: self-regulated learning theory. Journal of Advanced
Nursing 45 (4), 381-91. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02921.x.
Laschinger, H.K. (1990). Review of experiential learning theory research in the nursing profession. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 985-993.
Louis, M. R. (1980). Surprise and sense making: What newcomers experience in entering
unfamiliar organizational settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 226-251.
Moon, J. A. (1999). Reflection in Learning & Professional Development. Routledge Falmer.
Nevison, C., & Pretti, T. J. (2016). Exploring cooperative education students’ performance and
success: A case study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 17(3), 325-335.
Ontario Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Development. (2017). MAESD’s Guiding Principles for Experiential Learning: Experiential Learning Overview. http://hive.utsc.utoronto.ca/public/dean/academic%20administrators/DCD%202017-18/A04%20EL%20-%20Guiding%20Priciples%20FINAL%20EN.pdf
Ontario Ministry of Education. (2018). The Ontario curriculum, grades 11 and 12: Co-operative
education. Queens Printer.
Pernsteiner, A. J. (2015). The value of an accounting internship: What do accounting students really gain? Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 19(3), 223-233.
Polanyi, M. (1967). The tacit dimension. Doubleday
Pourteimour, S., Jamshidi, H., & Parizad, N. (2021). Clinical belongingness and its relationship with clinical self-efficacy among nursing students: A descriptive correlational study. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 10(1), 47-51. https://doi.org/10.4103/nms.nms_34_20
RNAO. (2017). Clinical placements. https://mharesource.rnao.ca/section-seven/clinical-placements
Roberts, J. W. (2016). Experiential education in the college context: What it is, how it works, and why it matters. Routledge.
Rowe, P. M. (2017). Towards a model of work experience in work-integrated learning. In T.
Bowen & M. T. B. Drysdale (Eds.) Work-integrated learning in the 21st century: Global
perspectives on the future (International Perspectives on Education and Society) (Vol. 32,
pp. 3–17). Emerald Publishing.
Ryan, T. G. (2018). Action research in the faculty of education. In the Oxford Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation. 373-381. Oxford Publications.
Ryan, T. G. (2020). Action research journaling as a developmental tool for health and physical education teachers. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 12 (2), 279-295. Common Ground.
Sandelowski. M., & Barroso, J. (2002). Finding the findings in qualitative studies. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 34(3), 213-220.
Schön, D.A. (1987). Educating the Reflective Practitioner. Presentation to the 1987 meeting of the American Educational Research Association. http://edu.queensu.ca/~russellt/howteach/schon87.htm
Sovilla, E. S., & Varty, J. W. (2004). Cooperative education in the USA, past and present: Some lessons learned. International Handbook for Co-operative Education: An International
perspective of the theory, research, and practice of work-integrated learning.The World Association for Cooperative Education.
Stirling, A.E., Kerr, G., MacPherson, E., Banwell, J., Bandealy, A., & Battaglia, A. (2017). Do Postsecondary internships address the four learning modes of experiential learning theory? An exploration through document analysis. Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 47, 27-48.
Stuart, R. (2016). Issues in the internship. Diverse Issues in Higher Education, 33(10). https://www.questia.com/magazine/1P3-4113183171/issues-in- the-internship
Taylor, C., Hutchinson, N., Ingersoll, M., Dalton, C., Dods, J., Godden, L., & Chin, P. (2015).
At-risk youth find work hope in work-based education. Exceptionality Education
International, 25(1), 158-174.
University of Calgary. (2020). National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE). Office of Experiential Learning. 1-21.
Zuber-Skerritt, O. (2001). Action learning and action research: paradigm, praxis, and programs. In S. Sankara, B. Dick, & R. Passfield (Eds.), Effective change management through action research and action learning: Concepts, perspectives, processes, and applications (pp. 1-20). Southern Cross University Press, Lismore, Australia. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/23a6/89ad465ddfe212d08e4db3becca58bdbf784.pdf
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share "” copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt "” remix, transform, and build upon the material
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution "” You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial "” You may not use the material for commercial purposes .
- No additional restrictions "” You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
