PERLINDUNGAN BENDA BUDAYA SAAT KONFLIK BERSENJATA MENURUT KONVENSI DEN HAAG 1954
Abstract
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai Perlindungan Benda Budaya saat Konflik Bersenjata di Mali menurut Konvensi Den Haag 1954. Serangan yang dilakukan oleh kaum pemberontak mengakibatkan rusaknya benda budaya yang ada di Timbuktu. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perlindungan Benda Budaya saat Konflik Bersenjata Non-Internasional di Timbuktu, Mali berdasarkan Konvensi Den Haag 1954. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan terhadap Benda Budaya saat Konflik Bersenjata Non-Internasional di Timbuktu, Mali berdasarkan Konvensi Den Haag 1954. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan dalam mengkaji setiap bahan pustaka yang digunakan. Bahan pustaka yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Konvensi Den Haag 1954 tentang Perlindungan Kekayaan Budaya dalam Peristiwa Konflik Bersenjata sebagai bahan hukum primer, buku-buku, media internet dalam negeri dan luar negeri, jurnal-jurnal hukum, karya tulis ilmiah dan hasil penelitian sebagai bahan hukum sekunder, dan Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahan hukum tersier. Dalam Pasal 28 Konvensi Den Haag 1954, negara-negara peserta konvensi wajib mengambil langkah-langkah pidana untuk menuntut dan menjatuhkan sanksi pidana atau sanksi disiplin terhadap setiap individu yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan konvensi. Sanksi terhadap pelanggar dibentuk oleh hukum nasional masing-masing negara peserta. Namun, Pemerintah Mali tidak mampu (unable) untuk melakukan proses pidana di pengadilan nasionalnya, sehingga mereka membawa kasus perusakan tersebut ke Pengadilan Kriminal Internasional agar pelaku perusakan dapat diadili untuk mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya. Selain itu, pemerintah Mali melakukan restorasi untuk memperbaiki benda budaya yang dirusak oleh kaum pemberontak.
Kata kunci : Benda Budaya, Mali, Konvensi Den Haag 1954References
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