Development and effectiveness of an application-based physical fitness model for Indonesian Police personnel

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26418/jilo.v8i2.94000

Keywords:

physical fitness training, mobile application, police personnel, biomotor components, occupational health.

Abstract

Background. Physical fitness is an important component of daily activities. This is especially true for police personnel, but many staff members at the Indonesian Police Staff and Command College find it difficult to maintain due to time constraints and sedentary work. Objectives. This study aimed to develop and assess an application-based fitness training model tailored to their needs, using biomotor components and the FITT principle. Methods. A research and development method based on the ADDIE framework was employed. Tests that evaluate endurance, strength, flexibility, and coordination are given before and after the 12-session intervention involving 70 people. All fitness metrics, such as the amount of land covered in running 12 minutes, the number of push-ups and sit-ups, and agility measured by running running, shows important benefits in the results. A statistical analysis verified the intervention's efficacy. Results. The model was validated by experts and received positive user feedback, particularly for its accessibility and practicality. In addition, based on the results of the effectiveness test using paired sample t-test analysis, it is proven that with the model developed can significantly increase the physical fitness of Sespim staff personnel. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that a structured, time-efficient, and scientifically grounded mobile application can enhance physical fitness in law enforcement contexts. It contributes to digital health innovation and offers a scalable solution for improving occupational fitness in other high-demand sectors.

References

Antoni, M. S., & Suharjana, S. (2019). Aplikasi kebugaran dan kesehatan berbasis android: Bagaimana persepsi dan minat masyarakat? Jurnal Keolahragaan, 7(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i1.21571

Bassett, D. R., Fitzhugh, E. C., Heath, G. W., Erwin, P. C., Frederick, G. M., Wolff, D. L., Welch, W. A., & Stout, A. B. (2013). Estimated energy expenditures for school-based policies and active living. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(2), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.017

Bile, R. L., & Suharharjana, S. (2019). Efektivitas Penggunaan Model Latihan Kebugaran “Bbc Exercise†Untuk Pemeliharaan Kebugaran Jasmani Mahasiswa. SPORTIVE: Journal Of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, 3(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.26858/sportive.v3i1.16857

Bompa, T. O., & Buzzichelli, C. (2015). Periodization Training for Sports (Third Edit). Human Kinetics. http://93.174.95.29/_ads/5722859374FD7062327E8B2E6C8F1177

Castelli, D. M., Glowacki, E., Barcelona, J. M., Calvert, H. G., & Hwang, J. (2015). Active Education : Growing Evidence on Physical Activity and Academic Performance. In Active Living Research. https://activelivingresearch.org/ActiveEducationBrief

Cunico, F., Aldegheri, S., Avogaro, A., Boldo, M., Bombieri, N., Capogrosso, L., Caputo, A., Carra, D., Centomo, S., Cheng, D. S., Cinquetti, E., Cristani, M., Marchi, M. De, Demrozi, F., Emporio, M., Fummi, F., Geretti, L., Germiniani, S., Giachetti, A., … Quaglia, D. (2024). Enhancing Safety and Privacy in Industry 4.0: The ICE Laboratory Case Study. IEEE Access, 12(September). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3479411

da Silveira, M. P., da Silva Fagundes, K. K., Bizuti, M. R., Starck, É., Rossi, R. C., & de Resende e Silva, D. T. (2021). Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 21(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3

Dartini, N. P. D. S., Suwiwa, I. G., & Luh Putu Spyanawati. (2017). Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar Gugus VI Kecamatan Sukasada. Ejournal Undiksha, 4(1), 27–37. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/PENJAKORA/article/viewFile/11751/7511

Deeley, S. J. (2018). Using technology to facilitate effective assessment for learning and feedback in higher education. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(3), 439–448. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1356906

Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Romero-Rodriguez, D., Lloyd, R. S., Kushner, A., & Myer, G. D. (2016). Integrative Neuromuscular Training Injuries and Improve Strategies to Prevent in Youth Athletes. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 38(4), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000234

Gallahue, D. L., & Donnelly, F. C. (2007). Developmental physical education for all children. Human Kinetics.

García-Fernández, J., Gálvez-Ruiz, P., Grimaldi-Puyana, M., Angosto, S., Fernández-Gavira, J., & Bohórquez, M. R. (2020). The promotion of physical activity from digital services: Influence of e-lifestyles on intention to use fitness apps. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186839

Giriwijoyo, S., & Sidik, D. J. (2012). Ilmu Faal Olahraga (Fisiologi Olahraga). PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.

Gu, X., Chang, M., & Solmon, M. A. (2016). Physical Activity , Physical Fitness , and Health-Related Quality of Life in School-Aged Children. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 35, 117–126. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2015-0110 ©

Hambali, S., Hardi, V. J., Supriyatni, D., Pristiawati, A., Verianti, G., & Ockta, Y. (2024). Sport Monopoly Games: A Physical Education Learning for Physical Fitness Student. Journal of Education, Teaching, and Learning, 9(1), 29–34. https://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v9i1.5826

Hendker, A., & Eils, E. (2021). A Group-Based 8-Week Functional Interval-Type Outdoor Training Program Improves Physical Performance in Recreationally Active Adults. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3(March). https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.627853

Herbert, C. (2022). Enhancing Mental Health, Well-Being and Active Lifestyles of University Students by Means of Physical Activity and Exercise Research Programs. Frontiers in Public Health, 10(April). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.849093

Korinek, E. V., Phatak, S. S., Martin, C. A., Freigoun, M. T., Rivera, D. E., Adams, M. A., Klasnja, P., Buman, M. P., & Hekler, E. B. (2018). Adaptive step goals and rewards: a longitudinal growth model of daily steps for a smartphone-based walking intervention. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 41(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-017-9878-3

Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. Sports, 12(1), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037

Millah, H., Malik, A. A., & Permadi, R. P. (2023). Pengembangan Latihan Kebugaran HIIT 7 Menit Berbasis Aplikasi Android. Journal of SPORT (Sport, Physical Education, Organization, Recreation, and Training), 7(2), 550–560. https://doi.org/10.37058/sport.v7i2.7807

Mubarok, M. Z. (2023). Penerapan Metode Latihan Tabata Melalui Aplikasi Fitness & Bodybuilding Terhadap Peningkatan Kebugaran Jasmani. Physical Activity Journal, 4(2), 209. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.paju.2023.4.2.8423

Palar, C. M., Wongkar, D., & Ticoalu, S. H. R. (2015). Manfaat Latihan Olahraga Aerobik Terhadap Kebugaran Fisik Manusia. Jurnal E-Biomedik, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.3.1.2015.7127

Pamungkas, I. A., & Dwiyogo, W. D. (2022). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Mobile Learning Untuk Aktifitas Kesegaran Jasmani Siswa kelas X Sekolah Menengah Kejuruhan. Sport Science and Health, 2(5), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v2i52020p272-278

Prasetio, E., Sutisyana, A., Ilahi, B. R., & Defliyanto. (2018). Tingkat kebugaran jasmani berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh pada siswa smp negeri 29 bengkulu utara. Kinestetik : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 2(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v2i2.8738

Rahman, Z., Kurniawan, A. W., & Heynoek, F. P. (2022). Pengembangan Pembelajaran Kebugaran Jasmani Unsur Kecepatan Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif. Sport Science and Health, 2(5), 254–263. https://doi.org/10.17977/um062v2i52020p254-263

Rahmansyah, I. R., Dewi, R. K., & Huda, F. Al. (2022). Pengembangan Aplikasi Latihan Fisik untuk Menjaga Kebugaran Tubuh di Masa Pandemi berbasis Android. … Teknologi Informasi Dan Ilmu …, 6(4), 1539–1547. https://j-ptiik.ub.ac.id/index.php/j-ptiik/article/view/10863

Sabbahi, A., Canada, J. M., Babu, A. S., Severin, R., Arena, R., & Ozemek, C. (2022). Exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation: Setting the right intensity for optimal benefit. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 70, 58–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2022.02.001

Safaringga, E., & Herpandika, R. P. (2018). Hubungan Antara Kebugaran Jasmani Dengan Kualitas Tidur. Jurnal Sportif : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 4(2), 235–247. http://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/pjk/article/download/12467/1034/

Suardika, I. K. (2020). Model Latihan Trx (Total Body Resistance Exercise) Terhadap Kebugaran Jasmani. Jurnal Penjakora, 7(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.23887/penjakora.v7i1.20937

Sunjoyo, S., Rumpoko, S. sakti, Sholeh, M., Sulistyono, J., Sistiasih, V. S., & Wijayanti, R. A. (2023). Sosialisasi Penyusunan Program Latihan High Intensity Interval Training Untuk Meningkatkan Kebugaran Jasmani. Proficio, 4(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.36728/jpf.v4i2.2621

Suryadi, D., Samodra, Y. T. J., & Purnomo, E. (2021). Efektivitas Latihan Weight Training Terhadap Kebugaran Jasmani. Journal RESPECS, 3(2), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.31949/respecs.v3i2.1029

Tangkudung, J., & Puspitorini, W. (2012). Kepelatihan Olahraga: Pembinaan Prestasi Olahraga. Cerdas Jaya.

Triantoro, S., & Saputra, N. (2009). Manajemen Emosi. Bumi Aksara.

Wagner, M. (2011). Michael Wagner. Annual Review of Microbiology, 39(3), 160–161.

Wahyuri, A. S. (2017). Pengembangan Model Latihan Kebugaran Jasmani Berbasis Aktivitas Bermain. Jurnal MensSana, 2(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.24036/jm.v2i2.19

Walsh, J. C., Corbett, T., Hogan, M., Duggan, J., & McNamara, A. (2016). An mhealth intervention using a smartphone app to increase walking behavior in young adults: A pilot study. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 4(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.5227

Wen, J., Gold, L., Ma, Q., & LiKamWa, R. (2024). Augmented Coach: Volumetric Motion Annotation and Visualization for Immersive Sports Coaching. 2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.1109/VR58804.2024.00037

Wijayanto, K. A. (2022). Analisis Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Anggota Kompi 4 Batalyon B Pelopor Satbrimob Polda Jawa Tengah. Seminar Nasional Keindonesiaan (FPIPSKR), November, 1888–1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jupe.v8i4.6218

Yang, Y. J. (2019). An Overview of Current Physical Activity Recommendations in Primary Care. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 40(3), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.19.0038

Zadic, A., Grosu, F. E., & Grosu, V. T. (2023). The Effect of Balance Training Protocols on Alpine Skiing: A Systematic Review of Dry-Land and On-Snow Interventions on balance performance. International Journal of Holistic Health, Sports and Recreation, 2(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8005348

Published

2025-07-29

Issue

Section

RESEARCH ARTICLES